Environmental pollution by particulate matter is a very serious problem, that the general public may not sufficiently acknowledge, even though it affects the life of all organisms that live on earth. The dissertation begins with a general description of environmental pollution and its history, while also introducing the various forms of environmental pollution. The focus then shifts to emissions, particles and above all, on the impact of transport on environmental pollution, which is analysed by individual transport sectors (road, maritime, air and rail transport). In addition to examining the impact of traffic on pollution, the thesis extensively presents the impact of pollution on human health. The bachelor’s thesis concludes with a comparison of pollution between countries in Europe and with various legal arrangements, legislation, regulations and goals that are supposed to regulate and control environmental pollution with the goal of successfully reducing it in the future.
The study has shown that human activities, particularly transportation and the fossil fuel energy sector, are responsible for the majority of environmental pollution. It was found that road transport has the largest share of particulate matter emissions within the transportation sector. The thesis suggests the use of electric vehicles, cleaner fuels, and alternative energy sources as key solutions to reduce harmful impacts on the environment. The importance of advanced technologies such as filters and catalytic converters is also emphasized, along with the urgency of stricter regulations and legislation to achieve pollution reduction goals.
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