The article examines the Conciliar declaration in light of the previous historical
circumstances and spiritual movements that led to the writing of this text and reflects on its
theological importance. In the second step, the rich spiritual heritage shared by Christianity
and Judaism is compared in terms of the concept of God, the Holy Scriptures and the expectation of the Messiah. Finally, some facts regarding the Wirkungsgeschichte of this Conciliar text
are mentioned, particularly some initiatives of the Jewish-Catholic dialogue, the Catholic and
Jewish documents following Nostra aetate (Nr. 4) and the interventions of the last three Popes.
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