Uporaba elektroograj za varovanje kmetijskih zemljišč pred divjadjo

Judež, Marko (avtor), Vidrih, Matej (mentor)

V diplomski nalogi smo izvedli poizkus z različnimi elektroograjami in opazovali njihovo učinkovitost za preprečitev vdora divjadi na kmetijsko zemljišče s posevkom. Za poizkus smo uporabili tri oblike začasne elektroograje; elektrotrak s PVC količki, elektromrežo za prašiče ter globinsko elektroograjo. Pri globinski elektroograji smo iz železne palice naredili distančnik za železni količek, ki je dobil tudi tretjo dimenzijo. Ograja iz elektrotraku je bila nameščena na PVC količke in za mrežo smo uporabili elektromrežo za prašiče. Nosilci in PVC količki so bili v tla zapičeni na vsake 4 metre. Elektroograja v dolžini 250 m (50, 100 in 100 m) je bila priklopljena na baterijski pašni aparat, ki je bil zaklenjen v sodu. Vegetacijo ob ograji in pod njo smo redno vzdrževali s košnjo in škropljenjem s herbicidom. V času trajanja poskusa (20. 7 - 19. 9. 2023) nobena divjad ni prečkala nobene oblike elektroograje in posevek koruze na njivi je ostal nepoškodovan. Za postavitev 100 metrov vsake ograje smo porabili 15,42; 6,75 in 28,58 minute. Ko smo izmerili napetost pulza pri treh različnih pašnih aparatih na začetku in koncu vsake ograje, je najslabšo učinkovitost pokazala ograja iz elektrotraku in PVC količkov in najboljšo elektromreža. Razlika med začetno in končno napetostjo v ograji je bila minimalna. Cena celotne proučevane ograje v našem poskusu je znašala 1.013 EUR, medtem ko je izračun materiala za 100 metrov take ograje znašal 465,94 EUR.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: gojenje rastline, parkljasta divjad, ograjevanje, elektroograja, škoda
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-162844
• COBISS.SI-ID: 210455555
• Datum objave v RUL: 28.09.2024

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Electric fence use for protection of agricultural land against big game species

Izvleček

In this thesis, we conducted an experiment using various electric fences and observed their effectiveness in preventing wildlife intrusion into agricultural land with crops. Three types of temporary electric fences were used for the experiment: electric polytape with plastic posts, an wild boar net, and a 3D electric fence. For the 3D electric fence, we created a spacer for the metal posts from an iron rod, adding a third dimension to the structure. The polytape was mounted on plastic posts, and we used a wild boar electric net for the mesh fence. The supports and plastic posts were staked into the ground every 4 meters. The 250-meter-long fence (50, 100, and 100 meters) was connected to a battery-operated energizer, which was securely locked in a barrel. Vegetation around and beneath the fence was regularly maintained by mowing and herbicide spraying. During the experiment (from July 20 to September 19, 2023), no wildlife crossed any of the fences, and the corn crop remained undamaged. The time required to set up 100 meters of each fence was 15.42, 6.75, and 28.58 minutes, respectively. When we measured the pulse voltage using three different energizers at the beginning and end of each fence, the polytape fence with plastic posts showed the lowest efficiency, while the electric mesh proved to be the most effective. The difference between the initial and final voltage across the fence was minimal. The total cost of examining the fences in our experiment amounted to 1,013 EUR, while the material cost for 100 meters of such a fence was 465,94 EUR.

• Ključne besede: agricultural crops, big game, fencing, electric fance, damage