Vpliv vadbe tai chija na ravnotežje in hojo pri pacientih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Grebovšek, Larisa (avtor), Hiti, Nina (mentor), Grapar Žargi, Tina (recenzent)

Uvod: Parkinsonova bolezen je progresivna nevrodegenerativna bolezen, za katero ne poznamo natančnega vzroka. Primarni motorični znaki zajemajo tremor, rigidnost, akinezijo in zmanjšanje ravnotežja. Glavni namen zdravljenja je upočasniti napredovanje bolezni, zmanjšati simptome in izboljšati kakovost življenja. Tai chi povezuje gibanje trupa in nog z močjo duha, z voljo, življenjsko energijo in močjo. Ta oblika vadbe krepi mišice in kosti in ima pozitivne učinke na centralni živčni sistem, srčno-žilni sistem ter na prebavne in dihalne funkcije. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil, na podlagi pregleda strokovne literature ugotoviti vpliv tai chija na ravnotežje in hojo pri pacientih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom strokovne literature. Pri iskanju literature smo uporabili desetletni časovni okvir, to je med letoma 2013 in 2023. Literatura je bila iskana s ključnimi besedami parkinson ?s disease, tai chi in effects of tai chi v podatkovnih zbirkah PubMed in PEDro. Rezultati: Na podlagi vključitvenih in izključitvenih kriterijev smo izbrali 6 raziskav. Skupno je v raziskavah sodelovalo 289 preiskovancev, vsi so imeli blago do zmerno obliko Parkinsonove bolezni. Preiskovanci eksperimentalnih skupin so izvajali vadbo tai chi. Programi vadb so trajali od 12 tednov do 1 leta, trajanje vadbene enote je bilo pri vseh vključenih vadbah 60 minut. V štirih raziskavah smo ugotavljali razlike v vadbi tai chi s kontrolno skupino, ki ni izvajala vadbe. V dveh raziskavah pa so imeli poleg vadbe tai chija in kontrolne skupine še primerjalno skupino; v eni raziskavi so izvajali Qi-gong meditacijo in v drugi hitro hojo. V treh raziskavah od petih je bilo ugotovljeno, da tai chi statistično pomembno pripomore k izboljšanju statičnega in dinamičnega ravnotežja. Izmed vseh raziskav, ki so preučevale kinematiko hoje, sta se statistično pomembno izboljšala le dva parametra in sicer stranski premik središča pritiska proti začetnemu nihajočemu kraku med fazo 1 in širina koraka ter v eni raziskavi premičnost. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati izbranih raziskav kažejo, da ima vadba tai chi ugodne učinke na ravnotežje, medtem ko je analiza raziskav pri hoji pokazala izboljšanje v širini koraka ter testa vstani in pojdi. Vadbo tai chija bi bilo priporočljivo dopolnjevati še s kakšno drugo obliko vadbe. Gotovo pa bi bile potrebne dodatne raziskave o dolgoročnem učinku vadbe tai chi na simptome pri bolnikih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, Parkinsonova bolezen, tai chi, ravnotežje, hoja
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [L. Grebovšek]
• Leto izida: 2024
• Št. strani: 26 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-160960-54ecd761-7d6c-a64f-cdf5-af07b2c271e5
• UDK: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 206809603
• Datum objave v RUL: 06.09.2024

GREBOVŠEK, Larisa, 2024, Vpliv vadbe tai chija na ravnotežje in hojo pri pacientih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo - pregled literature : diplomsko delo [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. Ljubljana : L. Grebovšek. [Dostopano 26 april 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=160960

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effects of tai chi on balance and gait in patients with Parkinson´s disease - literature review : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder whose cause is unknown. Primary motoric signs include tremor, rigidity, akinesia and decrease in balance. The main purpose of treatment is to slow down the disease progression, reduce the symptoms and to improve the quality of life. Tai chi is connecting movement of the trunk, legs, and arms with directed gaze on the one hand and spiritualism, will, vital energy and strength on the other hand. This form of exercise strengthens muscles and bones and has positive effects on central nervous system, cardiovascular system and on digestive and respiratory functions. Purpose: The aim of the thesis was to determine effects of tai chi on balance and walking, based on review of professional literature, on patients with Parkinson’s disease. Methods: We used descriptive method of work reviewing professional literature in our thesis. In searching of literature, we used a time frame of ten years between years 2013 and 2023. The literature was being searched with key words Parkinson’s disease, tai chi and effects of tai chi in databases PubMed and PEDro. Results: Based on inclusionary and exclusionary criteria we chose 6 studies. There were 289 participants across all studies, all of them had mild to severe form of Parkinson’s disease. Participants in experimental groups practised tai chi. Exercise program lasted 12 weeks to 1 year, the duration of training unit was 60 minutes across all exercises. In four surveys they compared tai chi with control group which didn’t practise tai chi. In two surveys addition to the tai chi group they also had a comparison group, in one survey they practised Qi-gong meditation and in the second fast walking. Three out of five studies found that tai chi improved static and dynamic balance in a statistically significant way. Of all the studies that studied the kinematics of gait, only two parameters improved statistically significantly namely the lateral center of pressure displacement toward the initial swing limb during S1 phase and the step width, and in one study mobility. Discussion and conclusion: Results of chosen surveys show that tai chi has favorable effects on balance, meanwhile analysis of surveys with gait shows improvement in step width and test get up and go. Practising tai chi would be recommended to combine with another form of exercise. Further research would be needed on long term effects of tai chi with persons with Parkinson’s disease.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, physiotherapy, Parkinson´s disease, tai chi, balance, gait