Introduction: With progress in medicine and health care, the life expectancy of people with intellectual disability (in the following ID) has been increasing in recent decades, which also increases the risk of developing dementia in this population. Dementia is a progressive disease that causes a decline in cognitive function. People with ID already have cognitive decline, so recognizing dementia, establishing a diagnosis, and treating these people can be significantly more demanding. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis was to present three selected methods of treating people with ID and dementia, namely basal stimulation, validation and the snoezelen method. We described the implementation of the methods of basal stimulation, validation and the snoezelen method in the treatment of persons with ID and dementia and presented the role of the nurse in the treatment of persons with ID and dementia using the selected methods Methods: In the thesis, a descriptive work method was used with a review of domestic and foreign literature. By searching the bibliographic databases Science Direct, PubMed (Medline) and Cobiss using the key words dementia, intellectual disability, Snoezelen, validation therapy and basal stimulation, we obtained 5,552 hits and selected 11 hits for analysis. Results: Basal stimulation has a positive effect by activating the basic senses and body movement in interaction with the therapist. The validation method is based on empathic communication in order to confirm the reality of the patient. The Snoezelen method provides multisensory stimulation for relaxation or motivation. Nurses play a central role in the planning and implementation of these methods, as they prepare the therapy program, the therapy space, and carry out the implementation. Discussion and conclusion: Basal stimulation, the validation method and the Snoezelen method, in the form of individual or combined use, are effective in the treatment of people with ID and dementia, namely they have a positive effect on mental and physical health and improve the quality of life of patients. The methods help nurses practice empathic nursing and create a supportive environment for patients.
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