The master thesis presents a method for optimizing the control loop of an alternator using a coupled simulation of Ansys Maxwell, Simplorer, and Matlab-Simulink software environments. The control method with a predictive functional controller is used, which allows the control of nonlinear systems. Its operation is based on a mathematical model of the system, which can capture nonlinear properties and enable the controller to predict future system states and consequently corresponding control values. A claw-pole alternator is classified among nonlinear systems, mainly due to the magnetic field resulting from the excitation of the rotor winding, which is nonlinearly dependent on the excitation current on the rotor and, consequently, not linearly dependent on the output voltage of the claw-pole alternator. The thesis describes procedures for establishing communication channels between the mentioned programs, the procedures for building the simulation scheme of the controller in the Ansys Simplorer software environment and the construction of the control loop in the Simulink environment. The method of routing the output three-phase voltage of the claw-pole alternator with a three-phase diode rectifier is presented. The claw-pole alternator is introduced as a higher-order system, along with its approximation using a second-order transfer function. A control law for the mentioned process is derived and the closed loop system with a simplified transfer function of the claw-pole alternator is analyzed. The operation of the control loop on the real alternator is demonstrated, and the results of the coupled simulation are evaluated.
The result of the thesis is the development of a voltage controller for controlling nonlinear system based on coupled simulation. By combining the mathematical model of the system with the real system, the designed controller can also be used to control the real system, which was one of the objectives of the thesis. The predictive functional controller was tested both on the mathematical model of the claw-pole alternator and on the real system. In both cases, it successfully provided the desired voltage at the output terminals of the claw-pole alternator.
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