Načrtovanje napetostnega regulatorja alternatorja s podporo sklopljene simulacije

Trampuž, Klemen (author), Karer, Gorazd (mentor), Razpotnik, Simon (co-mentor)

V magistrski nalogi je predstavljena metoda za optimizacijo regulacijske zanke alternatorja s pomočjo sklopljene simulacije programskih okolij Ansys Maxwell, Simplorer in Matlab-Simulink. Uporabljena je metoda regulacije s prediktivnim funkcijskim regulatorjem, ki omogoča vodenje nelinearnih sistemov. Njegovo delovanje namreč temelji na matematičnem modelu sistema, ki lahko zajema nelinearne lastnosti in omogoča regulatorju napoved prihodnjih stanj sistema in posledično ustreznih regulirnih vrednosti. Med nelinearne sisteme se uvršča tudi alternator s krempljastimi poli, predvsem zaradi magnetnega polja kot posledice vzbujanja rotorskega navitja, ki ni linearno odvisno od vzbujalnega toka na rotorju, posledično pa tudi ne od izhodne napetosti na alternatorju s krempljastimi poli. V nalogi so opisani postopki vzpostavitve komunikacijskih kanalov med omenjenimi programi, postopki izgradnje simulacijske sheme krmilnika v programskem okolju Ansys Simplorer in izgradnja regulacijske zanke v okolju Simulink. Predstavljen je način usmerjanja izhodne trifazne napetosti alternatorja s krempljastimi poli s trifaznim polnovalnim diodnim usmernikom. Podrobno je predstavljen alternator s krempljastimi poli kot sistem višjega reda in njegova aproksimacija s prenosno funkcijo drugega reda. Izpeljan je regulacijski zakon za omenjeni proces in analiziran zaprtozančni sistem s poenostavljeno prenosno funkcijo alternatorja s krempljastimi poli. Prikazano je delovanje regulacijske zanke na realnem alternatorju in vrednotenje rezultatov sklopljene simulacije. Rezultat magistrskega dela je razvoj napetostnega regulatorja za vodenje nelinearnih sistemov na podlagi sklopljene simulacije sistema. Ob skladanju matematičnega modela sistema z realnim sistemom lahko načrtani regulator uporabimo tudi za krmiljenje realnega sistema, kar je tudi bil eden izmed ciljev naloge. Prediktivni funkcijski regulator je bil testiran tako na matematičnem modelu alternatorja s krempljastimi poli, kot tudi na realnem sistemu. V obeh primerih je uspešno zagotovil želeno napetost na izhodnih sponkah alternatorja s krempljastimi poli.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: alternarnator s krempljastimi poli, Lundellov alternator, sklopljena simulacija, prediktivni funkcijski regulator, Ansys Maxwell, Ansys Simplorer, Matlab-Simulink, trifazni polnovalni diodni usmernik, dinamični model, metoda končnih elementov
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-153061
• COBISS.SI-ID: 180762627
• Publication date in RUL: 15.12.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Alternator voltage-controller design using coupled simulation

Abstract

The master thesis presents a method for optimizing the control loop of an alternator using a coupled simulation of Ansys Maxwell, Simplorer, and Matlab-Simulink software environments. The control method with a predictive functional controller is used, which allows the control of nonlinear systems. Its operation is based on a mathematical model of the system, which can capture nonlinear properties and enable the controller to predict future system states and consequently corresponding control values. A claw-pole alternator is classified among nonlinear systems, mainly due to the magnetic field resulting from the excitation of the rotor winding, which is nonlinearly dependent on the excitation current on the rotor and, consequently, not linearly dependent on the output voltage of the claw-pole alternator. The thesis describes procedures for establishing communication channels between the mentioned programs, the procedures for building the simulation scheme of the controller in the Ansys Simplorer software environment and the construction of the control loop in the Simulink environment. The method of routing the output three-phase voltage of the claw-pole alternator with a three-phase diode rectifier is presented. The claw-pole alternator is introduced as a higher-order system, along with its approximation using a second-order transfer function. A control law for the mentioned process is derived and the closed loop system with a simplified transfer function of the claw-pole alternator is analyzed. The operation of the control loop on the real alternator is demonstrated, and the results of the coupled simulation are evaluated. The result of the thesis is the development of a voltage controller for controlling nonlinear system based on coupled simulation. By combining the mathematical model of the system with the real system, the designed controller can also be used to control the real system, which was one of the objectives of the thesis. The predictive functional controller was tested both on the mathematical model of the claw-pole alternator and on the real system. In both cases, it successfully provided the desired voltage at the output terminals of the claw-pole alternator.

• Keywords: claw-pole alternator, Lundell alternator, coupled simulation, predictive functional controller, Ansys Maxwell, Ansys Simplorer, Matlab-Simulink, three-phase diode rectifier, dynamic model, finite element method