Introduction: Approximately 24% of patients treated in intensive care units undergo a tracheotomy. This is a procedure in which a permanent or temporary fistula is made through the skin on the neck and further into the trachea. a tracheostomy that allows breathing. They can decide to have the intervention planned or urgent. The term tracheostomy is also used in case of permanent removal of the larynx or laryngectomy. It has many advantages over endotracheal intubation, so it is the first choice for long-term airway problems. A patient with a tracheostomy needs help with all life activities. Nurses spend most of their time with patients and are responsible for their physical and psychological condition. Nursing care of a patient with a tracheostomy requires competent and responsible nurses who are ready to continuously perform nursing care processes at the highest professional level. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to present different types of tracheal cannulae and the main differences between them by means of a literature review. The main purpose is to present the correct handling of them in the work of nurses. Methods: We used a descriptive method of work with a review of scientific and professional literature. The CINAHL, MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched. Results: Through the review of the literature, we have included 20 scientific articles that corresponded to the chosen topic and the objectives of the thesis. We found that nurses are an indispensable member of the multidisciplinary team that approaches tracheotomized patients and that their role is crucial in the management of tracheal cannulae. Discussion and conclusion: Tracheotomy has become an increasingly common airway care technique, so it is critical that nurses know the different types of tracheal tubes and how to handle them. There are standards for aspiration and tracheostomy dressing. However, there are no standards regarding the toilet of tracheal cannulae, the handling of tracheal cannulae and their use only. In the clinical environment, only the instructions written by the manufacturers and the professional literature, in which health professionals write about practical experiences regarding the handling of tracheal cannulae, are followed. Nursing care of the patient with a tracheal cannula can be improved by establishing and following uniform standards. When treating the patient, the nurse must take into account his autonomy and be consistent in the implementation of all nursing interventions.
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