Vpliv tehnologije pridelave na porabo vode in vsebnost nitrata v vrtni solati (Lactuca sativa L.)

Pustatičnik, Borut (avtor), Kacjan Maršić, Nina (mentor)

V poskusu, ki je potekal od maja do julija 2021 na laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani, analize talnih vzorcev pa so potekale do decembra 2022, smo ugotavljali porabo vode za namakanje pri treh sistemih pridelave: talna pridelava na zastrtih in nezastrtih tleh ter na hidroponskem sistemu. Poskus je bil izveden v rastlinjaku v štirih ponovitvah. S pomočjo sond za merjenje vsebnosti vode v tleh smo na osnovi spremljanja volumskega odstotka vode v tleh in nivoja hranilne raztopine v bazenu ugotavljali porabo vode za namakanje in razporeditev vode v talnem profilu. Z jemanjem talnih in rastlinskih vzorcev v času trajanja poskusa in kasnejšo analizo vsebnosti nitrata s pomočjo ekstrakcij v avtomatizirani spektofotometrični napravi smo spremljali vsebnosti nitratnega dušika. Merili smo tudi maso solate in vsebnost suhe snovi v rastlinskih vzorcih. Največji prirast rastlinske biomase smo ugotovili pri pridelavi na hidroponskem sistemu. Največji delež suhe snovi je bil v solati, pridelani na nezastrtih tleh (5,3 %), najmanjši pa pri solati, pridelani na hidroponskem sistemu (5,0 %). Najmanj vode je za 1 kg pridelka potrebovala solata, gojena na foliji (4,37 L/kg sveže mase oz. 86,7 L/kg suhe mase), pri pridelavi na nezastrtih tleh 8,35 L/kg sveže mase oz. 157 L/kg suhe mase ter na hidroponskem sistemu 23,7 L/kg sveže mase oz. 474 L/kg suhe mase. Najmanjša vsebnost nitrata je bila v tehnološki zrelosti solat, pridelanih na nezastrtih tleh (317,47 NO3¯ mg/kg sveže mase), na tleh s folijo 1012,31 NO3¯ mg/kg sveže mase in na hidroponskem sistemu 1123,93 NO3¯ mg/kg sveže mase. Vsebnost nitratnega dušika se je v rastlinah in v tleh skozi rastno dobo zmanjševala.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Lactuca sativa, solata, voda, nitrat, hidroponski sistem, zastirka
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-146960
• COBISS.SI-ID: 156865283
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.06.2023

PUSTATIČNIK, Borut, 2023, Vpliv tehnologije pridelave na porabo vode in vsebnost nitrata v vrtni solati (Lactuca sativa L.) [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. [Dostopano 1 maj 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=146960

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The influence of cultivation systems on water consumption and nitrate content in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Izvleček

In the experiment, which took place from May to July 2021 at the laboratory field of the Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, and in which soil samples were analyzed until December 2022, water consumption for irrigation was evaluated in three cropping systems: soil cultivation in covered and uncovered soil and in a hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, with 4 replicates. Soil moisture probes were used to determine water use for irrigation and water distribution in the soil profile, measuring the percent water content in the soil and the level of nutrient solution in the tank. Soil and plant samples were collected during the experimental period to monitor nitrate nitrogen content, and nitrate content was later analyzed by extraction in an automated spectrophotometric instrument. We also measured lettuce plant biomass and dry matter content in plant samples. The greatest increase in plant biomass was found in the hydroponic system. Lettuce grown on bare soil had the highest dry matter content (5.3%), and hydroponically grown lettuce had the lowest (5.0%). Lettuce grown on film required the least amount of water for 1 kg of product (4.37 L/kg fresh weight and 86.7 L/kg dry weight, respectively), lettuce grown on bare soil required 8.35 L/kg fresh weight and 157 L/kg dry weight, respectively, and lettuce grown hydroponically required 23.7 L/kg fresh weight and 474 L/kg dry weight, respectively. The lowest nitrate content was found in technologically mature lettuce grown on bare soil (317.47 NO3¯ mg/kg fresh weight), on soil with film 1.012.31 NO3¯ mg/kg fresh weight and in hydroponic system 1.123.93 NO3¯ (mg/kg fresh weight. The content of nitrate nitrogen in the plants and in the soil decreased during the growing season.

• Ključne besede: Lactuca sativa, lettuce, water, nitrate, hydroponic system, mulch