Učinki hipnoze na pozornost in delovni spomin: raziskava elektrofizioloških korelatov izvajanja naloge vidne prepoznave redkih dražljajev

Kodrič, Sašo (avtor), Bresjanac, Mara (mentor), Paškulin, Roman (komentor)

V zadnjem desetletju smo priča obujenemu zanimanju za terapevtske učinke hipnoze ter študije, ki uporabljajo hipnotične sugestije za neposredno preučevanje širokega spektra kognitivnih fenomenov pa tudi kot vreden pripomoček pri diagnostiki patoloških procesov in stanj, kar morda kaže na svež trend v razvoju raziskovalnih pristopov na področjih kognitivne in klinične nevroznanosti (Oakley, & Halligan, 2013). V raziskavi smo z uporabo elektroencefalografa (EEG) ugotavljali učinke medicinske hipnoze na pozornost in delovni spomin v primerjavi s kontrolnim pogojem in pogojem upravičenosti vloženega truda (angl. effort justificiation). Enaindvajset prostovoljnih udeležencev smo s pomočjo fenomenološkega vprašalnika PCI (angl. Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory, Form 1) glede na njihovo dojemljivost za hipnozo razdelili v tri skupine (Pekala, 2009). Po kontrolnem pogoju, nato pa bodisi po pogoju terapije z medicinsko hipnozo ali pa po (nespecifični obliki sproščanja) pogoju upravičenosti vloženega truda, so reševali dvodelno nalogo vidnega prepoznavanja redkih dražljajev (angl. dual-task oddball). Z njihovimi odzivi na tarčne dražljaje (pritisk na tipko) smo preverjali učinke pogojev na pozornost, z njihovimi odzivi na moteče dražljaje (pomnenje števila prikazanih) pa na delovni spomin. Analiza variance EEG podatkov dela naloge za pozornost je za vse skupine udeležencev razkrila statistično pomemben učinek terapije z medicinsko hipnozo v primerjavi z učinkom kontrolnega pogoja, kar smo ugotovili tudi po obdelavi EEG podatkov dela naloge za delovni spomin, vendar le za skupino udeležencev, ki so za hipnozo visoko dojemljivi. Primerjave med učinki terapije z medicinsko hipnozo in pogojem upravičenosti truda so se v vseh primerih izkazale za statistično neznačilne. Z nevrofiziološkimi korelati torej lahko delno potrdimo, da ima terapija z medicinsko hipnozo dobrodejen vpliv na pozornost in delovni spomin.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: hipnoza
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-141647
• COBISS.SI-ID: 123936771
• Datum objave v RUL: 04.10.2022

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effects of hypnosis on attention and working memory: electrophysiological correlates during dual visual oddball task

Izvleček

In the last decade we have witnessed some newly restored interest about therapeutic effects of hypnosis and studies that utilize hypnotic suggestions to directly research broad spectrum of cognitive phenomena and also as valuable tool to diagnosticize pathological processes and states. Maybe this shows a fresh trend in development of research approaches on the fields of cognitive and clinical neuroscience (Oakley, & Halligan, 2013). In the research, electroencephalograph (EEG) was used to determine the effects of medical hypnosis on attention and working memory in comparison with control condition and condition of effort justification. 21 participants voluntarily solved phenomenology questionnaire PCI (Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory, Form 1) and were according to their results (susceptibility to hypnosis) divided into three groups (Pekala, 2009). Experiment started with first dual-task oddball as control and continued in a crossover sequence of the two treatments (hypnosis, effort justification), so second and third tests were preceded by either receiving medicinal hypnosis treatment or watching non-specific relaxation videos as a form of effort justification. Task performance efficiency was determined by participant’s responses to visual display of target (keystroke) for attention and distractor stimuli (memorizing number of displays) for working memory. Analysis of variance of EEG results for attention showed that condition of therapy with medicinal hypnosis had a statistically significant effect in comparison to the effects of control condition for all groups of participants, as did reveal EEG results for working memory, but only for the group of participants, highly susceptible to hypnosis. All comparisons to the effects of effort justification condition were proven to be statistically insignificant. According to our findings we can partialy confrim that therapy with medcinal hypnosis has a beneficial effect on attention and working memory.

• Ključne besede: hypnosis