Ergonomski vidik dela od doma zaradi pandemije COVID-19

Kresal, Janja (avtor), Zupan, Klementina (mentor)

Pandemija COVID-19 je globalno vplivala na življenje ljudi. Zaradi izdanih preventivnih varnostih ukrepov se je veliko delavcev v zelo hitrem času preselilo v t. i. domače pisarne. Nov način dela lahko vpliva na dobro počutje večine delavcev. Cilj diplomskega dela je predstaviti ergonomski vidik dela od doma zaradi pandemije COVID-19. Rezultati so pridobljeni na osnovi anketnega vprašalnika in pregleda literature. Udeleženci so bili iz več organizacij, ki so med pandemijo delale od doma. V študijo je bilo vključenih 92 delavcev. Rezultati so pokazali, da imajo delavci, ki so med pandemijo delali od doma, običajno dovolj velik in osvetljen delovni prostor. Pri delu najpogosteje uporabljajo prenosni računalnik, kot dodatno opremo pa zunanjo miško in dodatni monitor. Kot posledica večurnega strmenja v zaslon delavci največkrat občutijo utrujenost oči. Uporaba ergonomskih računalniških dodatkov je dokaj nizka, prav tako uporaba ustreznega sedeža. To je lahko tudi posledica neustrezne informiranosti o ergonomsko urejenem delovnem mestu delavcev s strani delodajalca. Delavci največ časa sedijo s pokrčenimi nogami ali pa v pravilnem ergonomskem položaju. Najpogostejša fizična obremenitev je bolečina v vratu in hrbtu, občasno se pojavita tudi glavobol in mravljinčenje. Pogosta je tudi prisotnost prezentizma. Med najpogostejše psihične obremenitve spadajo pomanjkanje koncentracije, utrujenost in stres. Delavci običajno doživljajo enako oziroma manjšo mero stresa, ko delajo doma, v primerjavi z delom v podjetju. Glavna vzroka stresa pri delu od doma sta omejena komunikacija s sodelavci/nadrejenimi in prisotnost drugih oseb v prostoru. Delavci se strinjajo, da jih motita hrup ostalih članov gospodinjstva in zunanjih vplivov (promet, industrija itd.). Število odmorov doma v primerjavi s podjetjem je večje oziroma enako, produktivnost pa manjša. Delo od doma lahko vpliva na dobro počutje delavcev z različnih vidikov. V prihodnosti sta potrebna večji poudarek na ergonomskem vidiku dela od doma ter aktivno vključevanje izvajalcev varnosti in zdravja pri delu. Le tako se lahko ustrezno preprečijo tveganja in poudari promocija zdravja v tem 'novem običajnem' vzorcu poklicnega življenja.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: COVID-19, delo od doma, ergonomija, obremenitve
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
• Leto izida: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-140827
• COBISS.SI-ID: 130883587
• Datum objave v RUL: 19.09.2022

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Ergonomic aspect of working from home due to COVID-19 pandemic

Izvleček

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of people globally. Due to many preventive measures taken by companies, a lot of workers had to move to home offices in a very short time. This new way of working can impact how workers feel in a positive way. The main goal of the diploma thesis is to present the ergonomic principles of working from home. The results were obtained with a survey questionnaire with participants from multiple organizations that implemented remote working during the pandemic. 92 people were included in the study and the results showed that those who were working remotely usually had a sufficiently large working space with appropriate lighting. They most commonly used laptops and their main accessories were a separate computer mouse and a monitor. The most significant reported side effect of working multiple hours behind the screen was tired eyes. The usage of ergonomic computer accessories is relatively low, as is the usage of an appropriate seat. This is possibly due to employers' insufficiently educating their employees about a proper ergonomic workstation setup. Workers spend most of the time sitting with their legs crossed or in a proper ergonomic position. The most common physical strain is neck pain, back pain, sometimes also headaches. Psychological issues include lack of concentration, tiredness and stress. Workers usually receive the same amount of stress or less while working from home and the main source of this stress is limited communication with co-workers and lack of other people in the same room. Workers agree that at home they are disturbed by other members of the household. Compared with an office, workers took more breaks when working remotely and reported lower productivity. Remote working can impact the wellbeing of workers from different aspects. Companies/workers need to put a bigger emphasis on the ergonomic aspect of remote working and should involve an occupational safety specialist more intensively in the process. Only this way can we avoid risks and emphasize the health benefits in this new way of working.

• Ključne besede: COVID-19, work from home, ergonomics, strain