Primerjava ekspozicijskih pogojev pri slikanju z DR in CR (slikanje z ionizacijsko celico) : diplomsko delo

Vašić, Danica (avtor), Brajković, Dario (avtor), Medič, Mojca (mentor), Starc, Tina (recenzent)

Uvod: Rentgenski žarki so oblika ionizirajočega sevanja, ki povzroča škodo našemu telesu. Izrazi se v obliki doze, ki se meri v različnih merskih enotah. Doza, ki jo prejme pacient ob preiskavi z rentgenskimi žarki je nekaj, kar moramo minimizirati kolikor se le da in je odvisna od večih parametrov. Eden od teh parametrov je vrsta slikovnega sprejemnika, ki ga uporabljamo. V diplomski nalogi opisujemo primerjavo doze sistema za računalniško radiografijo (CR) in sistema za digitalno radiografijo (DR). Osrednji sistem, ki smo ga pri tem opazovali, je avtomatska kontrola ekspozicije (AEC) in merjenje produkta doze in površine slikovnega polja (DAP). Namen: Namen diplomske naloge je primerjati CR in DR sistem, pri čemer smo se osredotočili na kakovost slike obeh sistemov in doze, ki jo sistema oddata pri slikanju. Cilj diplomske naloge je pregledati obstoječo literaturo s področja primerjave CR in DR sistemov in z eksperimentalno metodo potrditi ali zavrniti teorijo iz obstoječe literature o rentgenskem aparatu z uporabo avtomatskega nadzora ekspozicije. Metode dela: V prvem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela, kjer smo pregledali domačo in tujo literaturo v obdobju od oktobra 2021 do maja 2022. Literaturo smo pridobili iz različnih podatkovnih baz kot so: Cobiss, Digitalna knjižnica Slovenije (dLib), Repozitorij Univerze v Ljubljani (RUL), Google Učenjak, ScienceDirect, PubMed (NCBI), PubMed Central in Springer. V drugem delu smo uporabili eksperimentalno metodo dela, kjer smo meritve zbirali v radiološkem laboratoriju na Zdravstveni fakulteti. Pridobivanje meritev je potekalo decembra 2021. Rezultati: Pri slikanju ledvene hrbtenice v AP projekciji smo ugotovili, da se pri različnih napetostih produkt toka in časa in s tem posledično tudi doza ob prehodu na DR sistem s CR sistema zmanjša za več kot 30 %. Pri slikanju medenice v AP projekciji s 75 kV ob avtomatskem nadzoru ekspozicije smo ugotovili, da se mAs pri DR sistemu znižajo za 24,8 % v primerjavi s CR sistemom. S tem se tudi doza zmanjša za 25 %. Razprava in zaključek: Naša študija je pokazala, da je DR sistem boljši od CR sistema tako z dozimetričnega vidika kot tudi z vidika kakovosti slik. Ob primerjavi naših rezultatov z drugimi študijami, smo ugotovili, da so si le ti podobni. Z našo diplomsko nalogo potrjujemo, da je DR sistem glede doze boljši za pacienta, prav tako pa je boljši tudi za diagnosticiranje patologije.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, radiološka tehnologija, računalniška radiografija, digitalna radiografija, vstopna kožna doza, produkt doze in površine slikovnega polja
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [D. Vašić, D. Brajković]
• Leto izida: 2022
• Št. strani: 41 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-140295
• UDK: 616-07
• COBISS.SI-ID: 121404675
• Datum objave v RUL: 14.09.2022

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Comparison of exposure conditions for DR and CR imaging (ionization cell imaging) : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation that causes damage to our body. It is expressed in dosage forms measured in different units of measurement. The dose the patient receives during the X-ray examination is what we need to minimize as much as possible and something that is depended on several parameters. One of these parameters is the type of image receiver we use. The diploma thesis describes the comparison of the dose of the computer radiography system (CR) and the digital radiography system (DR). The central system we observed here is automatic exposure control (AEC) and image field dose and area measurement (DAP) measurement. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma thesis is to compare the CR and DR system, focusing on the image quality of both systems and the dose that the system emits during imaging. The goal of the diploma thesis is to review the existing literature in the field of comparison of CR and DR systems and to confirm or deny our hypothesis Methods: In the first part we used a descriptive method of work, where we gained the necessary literature to review it. We gathered this literature October 2021 to May 2022. We used Ljubljana (RUL), Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed (NCBI), PubMed Central and Springer in order to get the necessary literature. In the second part, we used the experimental method of work, where measurements were collected in the radiology laboratory at the Faculty of Health Sciences in Ljubljana. Obtaining these measurements took place in December 2021. Results: When switching from the CR to the DR system when imaging the lumbar spine in the AP projection, we were able to reduce the dose by more than 30% thus the voltage and time product was also reduced. When imaging the pelvis in the AP projections with 75 kV under exposure control, we were able to reduce the mAs in the DR system by 24.8% compared to the CR system consequently the dose was also reduced by 25%. Discussion and conclusion: Our study showed that the DR system is better than the CR system both from a dosimetric point of view and from an image quality point of view. We discovered that our results coincide with results from other studies. With our diploma thesis we confirm that the DR system is better for the patient not only in terms of dose, but also better for diagnosing pathology.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, radiologic technology, computer radiography, digital radiography, entry skin dose, dose area product