The importance of magnetic nanoparticles as potential carriers of biomolecules in biotechnology and biomedicine is growing rapidly. In recent years, they have also shown excellent results in the field of microfluidic systems because they represent a powerful tool for biocatalyst immobilization that can be easily manipulated using an external magnetic field. Due to their possible functionalization, they are used in many biocatalytic applications and cell separations. Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as solid supports offer the possibility of covalent bond formation through epoxy, methyl, or aminopropyl groups and coordination bonding with metal ions. They can be used for targeted therapy, immobilization of enzymes, or encapsulation of biomolecules. Magnetic nanoparticles are often located in microreactor chambers. In the process, their retention is controlled by an external magnetic field. Such microreactors are very effective in biodetection, as well as in biocatalytic and bioanalytical applications.
Based on the examination of literature in this work, I can conclude that the use of magnetic nanoparticles in a magnetic field is one of the most promising techniques for the immobilization of biocatalysts in microflow systems.
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