Posttravmatska stresna motnja po porodu: vloga medicinske sestre po temeljnih življenjskih aktivnostih : diplomsko delo

Hašaj, Dominik (avtor), Peterka Novak, Jožica (mentor), Mlinar, Suzana (recenzent)

Uvod: Posttravmatska stresna motnja je duševna motnja, ki se lahko pojavi pri osebah po izpostavljenosti travmatični izkušnji ali dogodku. Tudi porod se lahko razume kot povod za posttravmatsko stresno motnjo, če ga ženska tako doživi. Porodna travma je lahko objektivna, ko pride pri porodu do zapletov, ali pa subjektivna, ko ženska porod dojema kot stresni dogodek, čeprav poteka brez zapletov. Ta stresna motnja ovira ženskino vsakodnevno delovanje; uničevalen vpliv ima tudi na medsebojne odnose, predvsem na odnos s partnerjem ter otrokom. Namen: Z diplomskim delom smo želeli opredeliti pojem manj poznane poporodne posttravmatske stresne motnje ter določiti vlogo medicinske sestre pri bolj okrnjenih temeljnih življenjskih aktivnostih. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo in pregledali literaturo, objavljeno med leti 2009-2022. Uporabili smo vse dostopne članke, objavljene v angleškem ali slovenskem strokovnem jeziku, ki so bili skladni z vsebino teme. Do njih smo z oddaljenim dostopom Univerze Ljubljana dostopali v podatkovnih bazah Cinahl, Medline, ScienceDirect, Wiley online library ter v spletnem brskalniku Google učenjak. Iskanje literature je potekalo od februarja do aprila 2022; za diplomsko nalogo smo na koncu uporabili 50 enot literature. Razprava in zaključek: Identifikacija pacientk, ki so ogrožene v smislu razvoja poporodne posttravmatske stresne motnje je ključnega pomena. Medicinske sestre, zaposlene na perinatalnih področjih, so postavljene v položaj, da jih z opazovanjem ter ustrezno komunikacijo prepoznajo in omogočijo nadaljnjo oskrbo tudi po odpustu iz porodnišnice. S pacientko moramo vzpostaviti zaupljiv odnos, v katerem se bo počutila varno in nam lahko opisala svojo porodno izkušnjo. Če se poporodna posttravmatska stresna motnja razvije, se pri teh pacientkah pojavljajo težave predvsem pri življenjskih aktivnostih spanja, čustvovanja ter medsebojnih odnosih, gibanja in rekreacije ter prehranjevanja. Medicinska sestra mora v tej fazi izvajati predvsem svetovanje ter zdravstveno-vzgojno izobraževanje, da se bo pacientka lahko s simptomi posttravmatske stresne motnje učinkovito spopadala in ta ne bo prizadela kvalitete njenega življenja.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, poporodna posttravmatska stresna motnja, travma, porod
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [D. Hašaj]
• Leto izida: 2022
• Št. strani: 29 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-137475
• UDK: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 112116483
• Datum objave v RUL: 18.06.2022

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Role of the nurse in a patient with postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder that can occur in individuals after exposure to a traumatic experience or event. Childbirth can be a cause of post-traumatic stress disorder too if a woman perceives it to be traumatic. Childbirth trauma can either be objective or subjective. Complications in birth are not necessary for a woman to perceive birth as a traumatic experience as it can be a matter of personal experience as well. This stress-related disorder interferes with a woman's daily activities and has a devastating effect on interpersonal relationships, especially with her partner and child. Purpose: The purpose of the bachelor’s thesis was to define the concept of lesser-known postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder and to determine the role of a nurse in the basic life activities of a patient with this illness. Methods: We used the descriptive method and reviewed the literature published between 2009-2010. We used fully accessible articles published in English or Slovenian language. Articles also had to be relevant to the topic of our bachelor’s thesis. We used remote access to the University of Ljubljana to browse databases Cinahl, Medline, Wiley online library, Science direct, and web browser Google Scholar. The literature search took place from February to April 2022. For the bachelor’s thesis, we finally used 50 units of literature. Discussion and conclusion: Identification of patients at risk for developing postpartum post-traumatic stress disorders remains crucial. Perinatal nurses are placed in an ideal position to recognize such patients and enable further care even after discharge from maternity wards. The nurse needs to establish a trusting relationship in which patients feel safe and can describe and express their feelings about their birth experience. In patients with postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder, problems, such as sleeping disorders, damaged relationships, eating disorders, and a lack of exercise, occur. At this stage, the nurse provides counseling and health education primarily so that women can improve their quality of life and deal with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder effectively.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, nursing care, postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder, trauma, birth