Politična vzdržnost sodnika in sodniška etika

Mohor, Maja (avtor), Novak, Aleš (mentor)

Zaradi vpliva na zaupanje javnosti v sodstvo, kar pa je temelj učinkovitega sodnega sistema in pravne države, je politična vzdržnost sodnika pomembna tematika. Sodnik s politično vzdržnostjo zagotovi ločenost treh vej oblasti kar pa je temelj vsake demokratične države. Ustava RS prav tako določa, da ima vsakdo pravico, da o njegovih pravicah in dolžnostih ter obtožbah proti njemu, nepristransko odloča z zakonom ustanovljeno sodišče. Številni etični kodeksi opredeljujejo kako se lahko sodnik, skladno z etičnimi merili, politično udejstvuje. Etični standardi niso v vseh državah enaki, v Sloveniji pa je potrebno pazljivost pri političnem udejstvovanju. Kako se mora sodnik ravnati določa Kodeks sodniške etike, sprejet s strani Sodnega sveta dne 11. junija. 2015 ter priporočila in načelna mnenja Komisije za Etiko in Integriteto. V Sloveniji je sodnik lahko član politične stranke, ne sme pa biti nosilec funkcije v organih političnih strank. Prav tako lahko sodnik kandidira za določene funkcije, ampak mu v primeru izvolitve pravice in dolžnosti iz sodniške službe mirujejo. Pri političnem udejstvovanju morajo sodniki paziti, kakšen vtis vzbujajo javnosti. Skladno z Zakonom o sodniški službi se mora sodnik vselej vesti tako, da varuje nepristranskosti in neodvisnost sojenja, sodniški ugled in samostojnost sodne oblasti. Neodvisnost in nepristranskost sodnikov, sta temeljna pogoja za obstoj demokratične države. Pri odločanju pa mora biti popolnoma neobremenjen povezav, nagnjenj ali predsodkov, ki bi lahko vplivali na njegovo nepristranskost in neodvisnost. Poleg dejanske nepristranskosti in neodvisnosti je pa pomemben tudi videz nepristranskosti in neodvisnosti. Javno zaupanje v sodstvo, še posebej v nepristranskost sodnikov je v Sloveniji trenutno šibko, vendar se vsako leto izboljšuje. Zato mora sodnik pri svojem zunaj-sodnem udejstvovanju, standard nepristranskosti in integritete postaviti v ospredje in se vedno ravnati tako, da ga ne ogrozi, četudi so mu pri tem lahko omejene njegove človekove pravice in politične pravice.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Politična vzdržnost, Kodeks sodniške etike, etični standardi, Komisija za etiko in integriteto, sodniška etika
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: PF - Pravna fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-135258
• COBISS.SI-ID: 100265219
• Datum objave v RUL: 03.03.2022

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Political abstinence of the judge and judicial ethics

Izvleček

Due to the affect on the trust of the public in administration of justice which is a foundation of the judicial system and the legal country, political abstinence of the judge is an important subject. With his political abstinence the judge ensures separation of the three branches of authority which is a foundation of every democratic country. Our constitution also determines that anyone has the right that his rights, duties and accusations against him are decided impartially by a court established by law. Many codes of ethics set out how a judge can engage politically to comply with ethical criteria. Ethical standards are not the same in all countries, but in Slovenia caution is needed in political activity. Judge's behavour is determined by the Code of Judicial Conduct, adopted by the Judicial Council on 11 June. 2015 and the recommendations and opinions of the Ethics and Integrity Commission. A judge may be a member of a party, but may not hold office in the bodies of a political party. Judges in the Republic of Slovenia may also run for certain positions, but in the event of their election, their rights and duties from the judicial service are suspended. In their political activities, judges must pay attention to the impression they make in the public eye. According to the Judicial Service Act, a judge must always behave in a way to protect the impartiality and independence of the trial, the judicial reputation and the independence of the judiciary. The independence and impartiality of judges are fundamental conditions for the existence of a democratic state. The judge must be completely unconcerned in his decision-making by any connections, inclinations or prejudices that could affect his impartiality and independence. In addition to actual impartiality and independence, the appearance of impartiality and independence is also important. Public trust in the judiciary, and especially in the impartiality of judges, is currently weak in Slovenia, but it is improving every year. Therefore the judge must put the standard of impartiality and integrity at the forefront of his extrajudicial activities and always act in a way that does not endanger him, even if his human and political rights are limited.

• Ključne besede: Political abstinence, Code of judicial conduct, Ethical standards, Ethics and Integrity Commission, Judicial Service Act