Dendrokronološka raziskava in identifikacija lesenih delov objektov idrijske rudarske hiše in idrijske kamšti

Pivk, Meta (avtor), Merela, Maks (mentor)

Idrija je znana po rudniku živega srebra, ki je bil gonilo za razvoj mesta, okoliša in dvig kvalitete življenja tedanjih prebivalcev. V času delovanja rudnika je bil les izrednega pomena, tako za vzpostavitev rudniškega kompleksa, kot tudi zunanje infrastrukture in gradnjo bivališč. Po pregledu ohranjene literature in potencialnih stavb, smo se odločili, da bomo izvedli dendrokronološke raziskave na dveh objektih – na tipični idrijski rudarski hiši in na kamšti, črpalki za vodo na vodni pogon. Opravili smo terensko vzorčenje lesa, na katerem smo nato v laboratoriju izvedli identifikacije lesnih vrst in opravili meritve širin branik za dendrokronološke analize. Iz meritev smo konstruirali kronologije objektov in jih datirali s pomočjo referenčnih kronologij Katedre za tehnologijo lesa. Raziskani les je pretežno predstavljal les bele jelke (Abies alba), samo en vzorec iz rudarske hiše je bil iz lesa navadne smreke (Picea abies). Idrijsko rudarsko hišo in njeno izgradnjo, smo na podlagi datacij elementov z zadnjo braniko pod skorjo (1602 do 1699) umestili v 17. stoletje. Les kamšti na podlagi datacij konstrukcijskih elementov brez zadnje branike pod skorjo umeščamo v obdobje po letu 1923. Rezultati kažejo, da je na kamšti danes prisotno zelo malo originalnega lesa, saj je delovala kar 150 let in je bila zaradi tega nenehno izpostavljena obrabi in mehanskim poškodbam.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Dendrokronologija, identifikacija lesa, kulturna dediščina, idrijska rudarska hiša, idrijska kamšt
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [M. Pivk]
• Leto izida: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-131123
• UDK: 630*561.24
• COBISS.SI-ID: 76797187
• Datum objave v RUL: 23.09.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Dendrochronological analysis and identification of wooden elements of Idrija Miner’s House and Idrija “Kamšt”

Izvleček

Idrija is known for its mercury mine. The mine was a driver for the development of the city and its surroundings, and raising the quality of life of the then inhabitants. At that time, wood was extremely important, both for the establishment of the mining complex, as well as the external infrastructure and housing construction. Based on a review of the preserved literature and potential research locations, we decided to perform a dendrochronological analysis on a typical Idrija's miners house and on a ˝kamšt˝, a water-powered water pump. We performed field sampling of wood, on which we then performed identifications of wood species in the laboratory and performed measurements of the growth ring widths for dendrochronological analysis. Based on the results, we constructed chronologies of buildings and dated them with the help of reference chronologies from the Chair for Wood Science. Most analysed samples were identified as silver fir wood (Abies alba), and only one sample was identified as Norway spruce (Picea abies). Based on the dating of the construction elements with waney edge (1602 do 1699) we placed the Idrija Mining House in the 17th Century. The dating results for the dated elements without waney edge place the ˝kamšt˝ in the period after 1923. We assume that there is not much left of the structure’s original wood, because it has been in operation for 150 years and has been constantly exposed to wear and damage.

• Ključne besede: Dendrochronology, wood identification, cultural heritage, Idrija miner’s house, Idrija “kamšt”