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In vitro innervation as an experimental model to study the expression and functions of acetylcholinesterase and agrin in human skeletal muscle
ID
Miš, Katarina
(
Author
),
ID
Grubič, Zoran
(
Author
),
ID
Lorenzon, Paola
(
Author
),
ID
Sciancalepore, Marina
(
Author
),
ID
Marš, Tomaž
(
Author
),
ID
Pirkmajer, Sergej
(
Author
)
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MD5: A6500D3131D382265DBE2DBE0130CBBE
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http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/9/1418
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Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and agrin, a heparan-sulfate proteoglycan, reside in the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and play key roles in cholinergic transmission and synaptogenesis. Unlike most NMJ components, AChE and agrin are expressed in skeletal muscle and α-motor neurons. AChE and agrin are also expressed in various other types of cells, where they have important alternative functions that are not related to their classical roles in NMJ. In this review, we first focus on co-cultures of embryonic rat spinal cord explants with human skeletal muscle cells as an experimental model to study functional innervation in vitro. We describe how this heterologous rat-human model, which enables experimentation on highly developed contracting human myotubes, offers unique opportunities for AChE and agrin research. We then highlight innovative approaches that were used to address salient questions regarding expression and alternative functions of AChE and agrin in developing human skeletal muscle. Results obtained in co-cultures are compared with those obtained in other models in the context of general advances in the field of AChE and agrin neurobiology.
Language:
English
Keywords:
acetylcholinesterase
,
human muscle
,
apoptosis
,
in vitro innervation
,
neuromuscular junction
,
co-cultures
,
agrin
Work type:
Article
Typology:
1.02 - Review Article
Organization:
MF - Faculty of Medicine
Publication status:
Published
Publication version:
Version of Record
Year:
2017
Number of pages:
30 str.
Numbering:
Vol. 22, iss. 9, art. 1418
PID:
20.500.12556/RUL-131011
UDC:
616-092
ISSN on article:
1420-3049
DOI:
10.3390/molecules22091418
COBISS.SI-ID:
33379545
Publication date in RUL:
21.09.2021
Views:
913
Downloads:
165
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Record is a part of a journal
Title:
Molecules
Shortened title:
Molecules
Publisher:
MDPI
ISSN:
1420-3049
COBISS.SI-ID:
18462981
Licences
License:
CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:
This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:
01.09.2017
Secondary language
Language:
Slovenian
Keywords:
acetilholinesteraza
,
človeška mišica
,
apoptoza
Projects
Funder:
ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:
P3-0043
Name:
Molekularni mehanizmi razvoja in delovanja skeletne mišice
Funder:
ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:
J7-7138
Name:
Učinki novih metod v kardiokirurgiji
Funder:
ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:
J7-8276
Name:
Vpliv protirevmatičnih zdravil na inzulinsko rezistenco in energijsko presnovo v skeletni mišici
Funder:
NIH - National Institutes of Health
Funding programme:
Fogarty International Center
Name:
Fogarty International Research Collaboration Award
Funder:
Other - Other funder or multiple funders
Funding programme:
Muscular Dystrophy Association of America
Funder:
Other - Other funder or multiple funders
Funding programme:
Ministry of Science and Technology of Republic of Slovenia
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