During food production, a huge amount of food waste is discarded. Waste can be usable and nutrient-rich source of raw material for the manufacture of new food products. Sustainable food production aims to reduce food waste, especially the edible and avoidable part of waste, and to increase the yield of green biomass. The increasing demand for protein is due to growth of the world population and changed consumption habits, which are increasingly inclined towards plant-based proteins. A potential alternative to animal protein is the green waste leaves of cultivated plants, which are a rich source of plant protein. Replacing animal protein with plant protein also helps to preserve the environment. The most abundant protein in plants is the photosynthetic enzyme ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, also called RuBisCO, which accounts for 50 % of the total protein in green leaves. It is a high-quality protein, rich in essential amino acids, with excellent techno-functional properties. It is also a rich source of bioactive peptides that can have many health benefits. RuBisCO can be used as a dairy substitute in confectionery, as a component of meat substitutes due to its ability to form long fibers which simulate the texture of meat, and as an additive to dietary food products due to its rapid digestibility and low allergenicity.
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