Vpliv ognjevarnega aditiva na ognjevarne in fizikalno-mehanske lastnosti filamentne preje PA6

Panoska, Marina (avtor), Vasiljević, Jelena (mentor), Demšar, Andrej (komentor)

V tem diplomskem delu je bil preučen vpliv vgrajevanja organofosforjeve spojine 6,6'-(1- feniletan-1,2-diil)bis(dibenzo[c,e][1,2]-oxafosfinin-6-oksid) (PHED) v polimerno matrico tržno dostopnega vlaknotvornega poliamida 6 (PA6) (Aquamid 24401) pri postopku predenja filamentne preje PA6/PHED na njeno termooksidativno stabilnost, ognjevarnost in fizikalnomehanske lastnosti. Iz literature je razvidno, da vgrajevanje PHED-a in situ med postopkom polimerizacije zagotavlja visoko ognjevarno učinkovitost za filamentno prejo PA6/PHED-is. Ker je uporaba kompozitnih materialov, pripravljenih z dodajanjem ognjevarnih aditivov v talino polimera ustaljen pristop v industriji, je bil cilj tega diplomskega dela ugotoviti, ali dodajanje PHED-a v talino PA6 pri postopku predenja lahko zagotovi ognjevarno učinkovitost. V ta namen je bila uporabljena koncentracija PHED-a enaka 15 ms.%, ker je bila pri tej koncentraciji dosežena samougasnitev preje PA6/PHED-is. Morfološke lastnosti površine vlaken so bile preučene z uporabo vrstične elektronske mikroskopije (SEM). Termične lastnosti vlaken, njihova termooksidativna stabilnost in gorljivost so bile določene s pomočjo diferencialne dinamične kalorimetrije (DSC), termične gravimetrije (TG) in vertikalnega testa gorljivosti. Natezne lastnosti vlaken so bile analizirane na dinamometru – Instron. Vgrajevanje PHED-a pri predenju je povzročilo nastanek mikro-izboklin na površini vlaken. Vgrajen PHED je zvišal termooksidativno stabilnost in znižal čas gorenja vlaken po umaknitvi izvora plamena iz 7,6 s za vzorec PA6 na 1,6 s za PA6/PHED, kar je povzročilo samougasnitev, kar predstavlja nekoliko nižjo ognjevarno učinkovitost v primerjavi s PA6/PHED-is. Kljub povzročanju znižanja temperatur tališča in kristalizacije za manj kot 5 °C, je vgrajevanje PHED-a v talino PA6 povzročilo znižanje pretržnega raztezka za 88 % in pretržne trdnosti za 41 % filamenta PA6/PHED, kar predstavlja dvakrat večje poslabšanje nateznih lastnosti v primerjavi s filamentom PA6/PHED-is.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: poliamid 6, predenje, ognjevarnost, filament, tekstil, natezne lastnosti
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: NTF - Naravoslovnotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-130112
• Datum objave v RUL: 10.09.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Influence of flame retardant additive on flame retardant and physico-mechanical properties of PA6 filament yarn

Izvleček

In this diploma thesis, the effect of incorporating the organophosphorus compound 6, 6'-(1- phenylethane-1,2-diyl)bis(dibenzo[c,e][1,2]-oxaphosphinine-6-oxide) (PHED) into the polymer matrix of a commercial fibre-forming PA6 (Aquamide 24401) during the meltspinning process of a PA6/PHED filament yarn was investigated in terms of its thermooxidative stability and physical-mechanical properties. It is evident from the literature that the in situ incorporation of the flame retardant PHED additive during the polymerization process results in high flame retardant efficiency for the PA6/PHED-is textile filament. Since the use of flame retardant composites, produced by melt-compounding is a common approach used in the industry, the aim of this thesis was to determine whether the incorporation of PHED to the PA6 melt during the melt-spinning process can provide efficient flame retardancy. For this purpose, a PHED concentration of 15 wt% was used, as flame self-extinguishment of the PA6/PHED-is yarn was achieved at this concentration. The morphological properties of the fibre surface were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal properties of the fibres, their thermooxidative stability and flammability were determined by differential dyinamic calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetry (TG) and a vertical flammability test. The tensile properties of the fibres were analysed on an Instron dynamometer. The incorporation of the PHED additive in the melt spinning process resulted in the formation of micro-bumps on the fibre surface. Incorporation of the PHED additive increased the thermo-oxidative stability and reduced the burning time of the fibres after removal of the flame source from 7.6 s for the PA6 sample to 1.6 s for the PA6/PHED sample resulting in self- extinguishment, which is a slightly lower flame retardant efficiency compared to PA6/PHED-is. Although incorporation of the PHED additive into the molten PA6 caused a slight decrease in melting and crystallisation temperatures of less than 5 °C, it also caused an 88% decrease in elongation at break and a 41 % decrease in ultimate tensile strength for the PA6/PHED filament, representing twice higher effect on degradation in tensile properties of the PA6/PHED filament.

• Ključne besede: polyamide 6, melt-spinning, fire resistance, filament, textile, tensile properties