Periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent chronic infectious diseases of our time and the cause of significant tooth loss in adults. Research has shown that periodontal diseases also influence systemic health by triggering or exacerbating certain systemic conditions. The first part of this study aimed to examine whether long-term chronic inflammation present in periodontal disease and determined by an assessment of a periodontal wound and periodontal inflammatory burden could cause an elevation of glycated haemoglobin in patients without diabetes. We also examined the influence of risk factors such as gender, age, smoking, blood pressure, body mass index and waist circumference on the level of glycated haemoglobin. The second part of our study aimed to examine the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola periodontopathogenic bacteria and Trichomonas tenax and Entamoeba gingivalis parasites in periodontal pockets of patients with periodontal disease and diabetes type 1 and type 2 and in those without diabetes, to compare the patient groups and to assess the effect of the full mouth disinfection method on the level of glycated haemoglobin, clinical periodontal parameters and presence of periodontopathogenic bacteria and parasites in periodontal pockets after three months. The results of our study showed that the periodontal wound and periodontal inflammatory burden increase the value of glycated haemoglobin in blood of non-diabetics. Based on our research, we can conclude that the full mouth disinfection method improves clinical periodontal parameters and glycemic control in type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients as well as in patients without diabetes.
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