Background: Shoulder pain is very often a symptome of muscle - bone injuries and dysfunction and has a big influence on decreased function of individual in society. One of the possible causes is impingement syndrome of the shoulder. To treat effectively an accurate diagnosis is essential, which can be acquired with physical examination, as it is a corner stone of treatment. Manual tests are often used in clinical milieu, but their diagnostic value remains to be proven by research. Metric properties show accuracy of a test in diagnosing a pathology and its usefulness in clinical milieu. Purpose: The purpose of this dissertation is to present sensibility, specifity and positive and negative likelihood ratio of manual tests, whose aim is to detect impingement syndrome of shoulder and related dysfunctions and to decide their diagnostic accuracy and usefulness in clinical milieu. Methods: Literature review was obtained through PubMED, PEDro, The Cochrane Library. Search was limited to English and Slovene publications issued after 2004. Results: The criteria were met by 19 publications, between 2004 and 2019. In seven of them analyzed impingement syndrome of shoulder, in six of them tendons of muscles of rotator cuff, in four of them scapular dyskinesis, in two instability of the shoulder and in nine examined tendon of the long head of biceps brachii. Results have shown low diagnostic accuracy of manual tests for diagnosing impingement syndrome of shoulder and pathologies connected to impingement syndrome of shoulder. Full can test and apprehension test can be useful in clinical milieu, biceps load II test and O'Briens test have moderate evidence for clinical use. Discussion and conclusion: One provocative manual test does not have sufficient diagnostic value, combination of two or more can increase their diagnostic accuracy. Amid diagnostic studies there is heterogeneity of gold standard, samples, target pathology, names of tests and consecvently methodical quality. Because of that there are different and often contrary results of diagnostic accuracy of provocative manual tests. Disadvantage in analysing diagnostic characteristics is absence of protocols for manual tests. More research is needed to find which combinations of tests give the best diagnosticaly meaningfull results for specific pathology, because research shows, that one provocative manual test cannot give information of cause of pathology. It is essential to form an algorithm for detecting impingement syndrome of shoulder with provocative manual tests and to uniform a definition of impingement of shoulder, which will enable comparisson of different diagnostic studies. It has to be taken in reconsideration if manual tests can test one structure independently of other functional and anatomicaly connected structures.
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