Ekonomska upravičenost izgradnje mikro hidroelektrarne na potoku Ročica

VOLARIČ, TOMAŽ (avtor), Pantoš, Miloš (mentor)

V današnjem svetu je električna energija neprecenljive vrednosti. Vendar pa ni dvoma, da se obdobje uporabe fosilnih goriv končuje, saj svetovne zaloge počasi pojenjajo. Temu primerno bomo prisiljeni posegati po obnovljivih virih, ključen del le-teh predstavlja tudi voda. Hidroenergija v svetu pomeni veliko prednost in je pomemben energetski vir. Slovenija ima zelo bogato tradicijo na področju gradnje hidroelektrarn, primer je hidroelektrarna Fala, ki je stara več kot sto let. Gradnje teh objektov so na našem ozemlju potekale že pred prvo svetovno vojno, v obdobju med obema vojnama in tudi po drugi svetovni vojni. Od takrat do danes se sredstva preusmerja v obnovo in nadgradnjo že obstoječih objektov. S tem sta se povečali tako moč kot tudi količina proizvodnje električne energije. Izrednega pomena pri vsem tem je, da skoraj vsa dela izvajajo slovenska podjetja. Kot že omenjeno, so hidroelektrarne zelo pomemben vir električne energije tako po svetu kot v Sloveniji. Kljub temu mnoge študije in strokovne ustanove poročajo o tem, da je pri nas še vedno izkoriščena le približno polovica vsega vodnega potenciala. Neizkoriščeni ostajajo mnogi potoki in manjše reke, ki bi lahko predstavljali velik doprinos. Slovenska zgodovina je lep pokazatelj tega, kako izkoristiti omenjena vodna telesa, saj je bilo postavljenih skoraj pet tisoč pregrad, ki so služile kot mlini, žage in kovačije. Te objekte bi se dalo obnoviti in namesto njih zgraditi mikro hidroelektrarne. Največji problem predstavljajo zamudni postopki umeščanja mikro hidroelektrarne v prostor. Za objekt, ki se v povprečju postavi v enem letu, se od pobude do začetka gradnje porabi kar deset let. V primerjavi s Slovenijo, v sosednji Avstriji tak postopek traja le pol leta. Slovenija je v evropskem sporazumu zavezana, da do leta 2030 doseže kar 27-odstotni delež obnovljivih virov energije v skupni rabi bruto končne energije. Dejstvo je, da se poraba električne energije povečuje, svet pa stremi k obnovljivim virom energije. Prej kot slej bomo primorani sprejeti strateški energetski dokument in začeti sklepati kompromise, da dosežemo zadane cilje.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: hidroelektrarne, vodne turbine, mikro hidroelektrarna (mHE), ekonomska upravičenost
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FE - Fakulteta za elektrotehniko
• Leto izida: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119299
• Datum objave v RUL: 07.09.2020

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: A feasibility study of a micro hydroelectric power plant on the Ročica stream

Izvleček

Today, electricity is considered priceless. However, the era of fossil fuels is undoubtedly ending as the resources are running empty and with that, people will be forced to find new, renewable sources - a key source being water. Hydro energy is a very important energy source and a huge advantage to the world's power supply. Slovenia itself has a very rich tradition of building hydroelectric power plants. A good example being hydroelectric power plant Fala that has been around for over a hundred years. Building those facilities on Slovenian ground has been in progress since before, during, and after both world wars. Since then the resources have been diverted towards renovations and upgrades on already standing facilities. With that, the amount and the quality of electric power have increased. An important fact is that almost all of the work done has come from Slovenian contractors. As abovementioned, hydroelectric power plants are one of the most important power sources in the world and in Slovenia as well. That aside, many studies report a very low use of the water potential in Slovenia, estimating it to only a half. There are many unused creeks and smaller rivers that could represent a large contribution. Slovenian history is a beautiful representation of the way how to exploit bodies of water, since there had been almost five thousand dams used for mills, saws, and forgeries. These bodies of water could be restored and used as micro hydroelectric power plants. The largest problem is the time-consuming process of placing these power plants. The construction of a micro hydroelectric plant takes about a year. It takes ten years to get from the initiative to the beginning of the building process. Comparing Slovenia to Austria where the same process takes only half a year. Slovenia has a contract with the European Union and is, therefore, obliged to reach 27 per cent of renewable energy in final gross energy consumption. In addition, it is a fact that power use is increasing. The world strives for renewable power sources and sooner rather than later people will be forced to strategize and compromise to achieve their goals.

• Ključne besede: hydroelectric power plants, water turbines, micro hydroelectric power plants, feasibility study