Vpliv kanabidiola in kanabigerola na invazivnost diferenciranih glioblastomskih celic in matičnih rakavih celic glioblastoma

Kolenc Milavec, Tina (avtor), Lah Turnšek, Tamara (mentor)

Glioblastom je najpogostejša in izjemno agresivna oblika tumorjev osrednjega živčnega sistema. Kljub obsežnemu in dolgotrajnemu zdravljenju s kombinacijo metod klasičnega zdravljenja (kirurški poseg, radioterapija in kemoterapija) je stopnja preživetja izjemno nizka, saj kar dve tretjini bolnikov umre v roku dveh let po postavitvi diagnoze. Slaba prognoza glioblastoma je predvsem posledica glioblastomskih rakavih matičnih celic, ki so odporne na večino metod klasičnega zdravljenja, ter invazivnosti rakavih celic, ki lahko celo posamično prodrejo tudi več milimetrov globoko v okoliško zdravo tkivo, onemogočijo popolno kirurško odstranitev glioblastoma in vodijo v ponoven pojav bolezni. Da bi povečali stopnjo preživetja bolnikov z glioblastomom, se znanstveniki v zadnjih letih ukvarjajo z odkrivanjem različnih dopolnilnih zdravljenj, ki bi zmanjšala invazivnost glioblastomskih rakavih celic in s tem izboljšala učinkovitost klasičnih načinov zdravljenja glioblastoma. V namen zaviranja invazivnosti glioblastoma so se kot zelo perspektivni izkazali kanabinoidi, ki jih kemijsko gledano uvrščamo med terpenofenole. Najbolje so preučeni kanabinoidi tipa Δ9-tetrahidrokanabinol (Δ9-THC), mehanizmi delovanja kanabidiola (CBD) in kanabigerola (CBG) na invazivnost glioblastomskih rakavih celic pa so še relativno slabo raziskani. Če želimo v standardno zdravljenje vpeljati nove, alternativne metode, moramo dobro poznati mehanizme njihovega delovanja, zato sem v tej nalogi zbrala sodobne metode preučevanja invazije glioblastoma in opisala do sedaj poznane signalne poti, preko katerih kanabidiol in kanabigerol vplivata na invazivnost diferenciranih in matičnih rakavih celic glioblastoma.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: glioblastom, kanabidiol, kanabigerol, invazija, matične celice
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
• Leto izida: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-119122
• COBISS.SI-ID: 27369475
• Datum objave v RUL: 03.09.2020

KOLENC MILAVEC, Tina, 2020, Vpliv kanabidiola in kanabigerola na invazivnost diferenciranih glioblastomskih celic in matičnih rakavih celic glioblastoma [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. [Dostopano 5 april 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=119122

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The effect of cannabidiol and cannabigerol on invasiveness of differentiated glioblastoma cells and glioblastoma cancer stem cells

Izvleček

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and the most aggressive type of tumors of the central nervous system. Survival rate of glioblastoma patients remains low (two thirds of patients die within two years of diagnosis) in spite of extensive and rigorous treatment with a combination of different classical cancer treatments, including surgical removal of the tumor, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Poor prognosis is mostly a result of glioblastoma cancer stem cells’ resistance to conventional cancer treatment and invasiveness of glioblastoma cells. These can penetrate even as single cells deep into healthy, surrounding tissues thus making the complete surgical removal of a tumor impossible, and that is why it is highly likely that glioblastoma will recur. To improve overall survival rate of patients suffering from glioblastoma, scientists from all over the world are trying to find different alternative treatments, which would prevent glioblastoma cells from invading into surrounding tissues and thus improve the effectiveness of classical treatment procedures. Especially cannabinoids that are chemically terpenophenols have shown great potential for reducing invasiveness of glioblastoma cells. Among all cannabinoids Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) has been most thoroughly and extensively studied, whereas little attention has been paid to the mechanisms of action of cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG). To introduce new strategies and alternative treatment methods in everyday clinical treatment of cancer patients we have to understand the mechanisms of their action as much as possible. In this work, I have gathered the information on current methods, used for measuring glioblastoma cell invasion, and described signaling pathways through which cannabidiol and cannabigerol affect invasiveness of differentiated glioblastoma cells and glioblastoma stem cells.

• Ključne besede: glioblastoma, cannabidiol, cannabigerol, invasion, stem cells