Comparison of technologies of wood biomass utilization in beech stands : doctoral dissertation

Marčeta, Dane (avtor), Košir, Boštjan (mentor)

In this research were compared two harvesting methods. First method was felling the tree, processing it at the stump, and extraction the assortments to the landing site. Second was felling the tree, partially processing at the stump and skidding to the landing site where processing was finished. First harvesting method was understood as the assortment method (short-wood) and second as the half-tree length method (long-wood) as a modification of the tree-length method. The aim of the research was to identify advantages and disadvantages of introducing the half-tree-length method and the need for eventually modification of the present short-wood (assortment) method. It was examined possibilities for rational chipping of fuelwood and wood residues which occurred after processing at the landing site in half-tree length method. Investigation was conducted in the area of municipality Ribnik, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results showed that productivity of cutting was higher in the half-tree length method than in the assortment because some working operations were avoided or minimized in half-tree length method, like production and stacking of fuelwood. Costs of skidding were significantly lower in the half-tree length method. Within the same stand conditions, the average damage surface was larger on sample plots with the half-tree length harvesting method. The amount of residue which left after processing at the landing site in half-tree length method was 2 m3 on 100 m3 of roundwood. Investigation of productivity and cost calculation of chippers showed that chippers with bigger capacity had lower unit costs, but because of inability to achieve full capacity at forest landing site and because of their dimensions which hinder the manipulation, it can be recommended using of chippers of smaller capacity.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: beech forest, technologies, productivity, biomass utilization, stand damage
• Vrsta gradiva: Doktorska disertacija
• Tipologija: 2.08 - Doktorska disertacija
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [D. Marčeta]
• Leto izida: 2015
• Št. strani: XII f., 157 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-115384
• UDK: 630*32+630*33:630*17(043.3)=111
• URN: URN:NBN:SI:doc-VDZ81N3Q
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4143270
• Datum objave v RUL: 24.04.2020

MARČETA, Dane, 2015, Comparison of technologies of wood biomass utilization in beech stands : doctoral dissertation [na spletu]. Doktorska disertacija. Ljubljana : D. Marčeta. [Dostopano 31 marec 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=115384

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Naslov: Primerjava tehnologij izkoriščanja lesne biomase v bukovih sestojih

Izvleček

V doktorski disertaciji smo prmerjali dve metodi sečnje gozdnih lesnih sortimentov. Pri prvi metodi smo drevo posekali ter obvejili pri panju, do gozdne ceste pa se je vršilo spravilo izdelanih sortimentov. Pri drugi metodi smo pri panju drevo podrli in obvejili, do gozdne ceste pa spravljali kombinirane sortimente, katere smo dokončno krojili ob cesti. Prva metoda spravila je bila metoda kratkega lesa, pri drugi metodi pa je šlo za metodo dolgega lesa (poldebelna metoda), kot modifikacijo debelne metode. Cilj raziskave je bil ugotoviti prednosti in slabosti metode spravila dolgega lesa ter predlagati izboljšave k trenutno najbolj razširjeni sortimentni metodi. Prav tako smo ugotavljali možnosti za učinkovito sekanje sečnih ostankov in prostorninskega lesa, ki je ostajal na skladiščih po delu s poldebelno metodo. Raziskava je bila izvedena v bukovih sestojih Bosne in Hecegovine. Ugotovili smo, da je bila učinkovitost sečnje višja pri uporabi metode dolgega lesa, saj smo nekatere delovne operacije skrajšali, ali se jim celo v celoti izognili. Pri uporabi sekanja lesa smo se nareč lahko v celoti izognili fazi izdelave in zlaganja prostorninskega lesa. Stroški spravila lesa so bili statistično značilno manjši pri metodi dolgega lesa. V enakih sestojnih razmerah smo ugotovili večjo poškodovanost stoječega drevja pri metodi spravila dolgega lesa. Ugotovili smo, da po sečnji in spravilu lesa z metodo dolgega lesa na skladišču ostane 2 m3 ostanka na 100 m3 okroglega lesa. Ugotovitve kalkulacij stroškov in učinkovitosti sekalnikov kažejo, da imajo sekalniki z večjo kapaciteto nižje stroške na enoto dela, a zaradi nizke izkoriščenosti in dimenzijske neprimernosti za delo na gozdni cesti uporaba takšnih sekalnikov ni priporočljva.

• Ključne besede: bukov gozd, tehnologije, produktivnost, izkoriščanje biomasse, poškodbe sestoja