Introduction: Cystic fibrosis is a rare disease that affects many organs, especially the respiratory system and the gastrointestinal tract. One of the cornerstones of treating children with cystic fibrosis is the active search for the first Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Children submit their sores every three months or a deep aspirate of the throat to pathogenic bacteria is removed, if this is not possible. Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is associated with a faster decline in pulmonary function and thus higher mortality. Prevention and early detection and treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection prevents or delays irreversible lung injury due to inflammation and consequently improves prognosis. Purpose: The aim of this diploma paper is to review and study the latest guidelines for preventing the spread of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in children with cystic fibrosis, using foreign and domestic literature. Methods: In the diploma thesis, an overview of domestic and foreign literature was conducted by searching for professional and scientific articles. A descriptive method of work was used. The search for resources was limited to publication of papers between 2008 and 2019. Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common pathogen in children with cystic fibrosis. However, as they are a vulnerable group, very few studies have been done on them. The use of guidelines and the introduction of a specific regimen for the treatment of children with cystic fibrosis, depending on the capabilities of individual Centers for cystic fibrosis are recommended. Discussion and conclusion: It is impossible to avoid contact with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as it is mostly everywhere. Water is its natural environment. It is important for children and their parents to be aware of where they can get Pseudomonas aeruginosa and how to act in this case. Of particular importance is education of health care staff who are in contact with childrens with cystic fibrosis. Childrens with cystic fibrosis are often treated in outpatient clinics or in hospital departments, so it is important to prevent the spread of infections among patients.
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