Spremljanje populacijske dinamike treh vrst škodljivih žuželk v dveh vinogradih v belokranjskem vinorodnem okolišu

Flajnik, Samo (avtor), Laznik, Žiga (mentor)

V letu 2016 in 2017 smo v dveh vinogradih v belokranjskem vinorodnem okolišu spremljali prisotnost treh vrst škodljivih organizmov na žlahtni vinski trti (Vitis vinifera L.), in sicer križastega grozdnega sukača (Lobesia botrana [Denis & Schiffermüller]), pasastega grozdnega sukača (Eupoecilia ambiguella Hübner) in ameriškega škržatka (Scaphoideus titanus Ball). Poskus smo opravljali na sortah 'Modra frankinja' in 'Žametovka'. Za spremljanje številčnosti metuljev grozdnih sukačev smo uporabili feromonske vabe. Število osebkov ameriškega škržatka smo beležili na rumenih lepljivih ploščah. V letu 2016 je bilo največ škržatkov v obdobju med 27. junijem in 24. julijem oziroma 5. in 11. septembrom. V naslednjem letu pa med 31. julijem in 6. avgustom. Leta 2017 (356 osebkov) se je na lepljive plošče ujelo 5,4 % več škržatov kot v predhodnem letu (337 osebkov). Pri križastem sukaču je bil v letu 2016 najbolj številčen drugi rod (22 metuljev/dan) v zadnjem tednu maja. V naslednjem letu pa prvi rod (62 metuljev/dan) med 17. in 23. aprilom. V letu 2017 (5100 metuljev) je bilo križastih sukačev za 22,3 % več kot v predhodnem letu (3962 metuljev). Pri pasastem sukaču je bil v obeh letih najbolj številčen drugi rod (4. do 10. julij 2016 - 4 metulji/teden oziroma 26. junij do 2 julij 2017 - 10 metuljev/teden). V letu 2017 se je na vabe ujelo za 65,1 % več metuljev pasastega sukača kot v letu 2016. Kar 99 % vseh ujetih metuljev na vabe so bili križasti grozdni sukači. V naši raziskavi smo ugotovili tudi, da v vinorodnem okolišu Bela krajina križasti grozdni sukač razvije letno tri rodove. Pasasti sukač razvije letno dva rodova in ameriški škržat en rod. Pridobljeni podatki, bodo v pomoč belokranjskim vinogradnikom, saj se bodo lažje odločali za optimalni čas zatiranja.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: populacijska dinamika, križasti in pasasti grozdni sukač, ameriški škržat, feromonske vabe, lepljive plošče, Bela krajina, vinska trta
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Založnik: [S. Flajnik]
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-113270
• UDK: 634.8:632.78:632.936(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9375609
• Datum objave v RUL: 18.12.2019

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Monitoring population dynamics of tree insect pests species in two vineyards in Bela krajina winegrowing district

Izvleček

In the years of 2016 and 2017 the presence of three pests on grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana [Denis & Schiffermüller]), European grape berry moth (Eupoecilia ambiguella Hübner) and American grapevine leafhopper (Scaphoideus titanus Ball) were monitored in two vineyards located in Bela krajina winegrowing district. The research included grape varieties 'Modra frankinja' and 'Žametovka'. The number of moths was monitored by pheromone baits. The number of the leafhopper was monitored using yellow sticky traps. In 2016 the highest number of the leafhopper was recorded from June 27th to July 24th and from September 5th to September 11th. In the following year the highest number was recorded from July 31st to August 6th. In 2017 (356 specimens) percentage of the leafhopper fallen into a trap was 5.4 % higher than in the previous year (337 specimens). In the last week of May 2016 2nd generation of the grapevine moth was the most numbered generation that year (22 butterflies per day). And 1st generation (62 butterflies per day) in the following year from April 17th to April 23rd. In 2017 (2100 butteflies) the percentage of the grapevine moth was 22.3 % higher than in the previous year (3962 butterflies). In 2016 and 2017 the highest number of grape berry moth was in 2nd generation (from June 4th to July 10th 2016 – 4 butterflies per week and from June 26th to July 2nd 2017 – 10 butterflies per week). In 2017 65.1 % more of the grape berry moth fell in to a trap than in 2016. 99 % of all trapped butterfies were grapevine moths. The results suggest that there are three generations of the grapevine moth, two generations of the grape berry moth and one generation of the leafhopper per year in Bela krajina winegrowing district. Considering the results of this research the winegrowers in Bela krajina will easier determine the optimal time for the repression of both moths and the leafhopper.

• Ključne besede: population dynamics, European grapevine moth, European grape berry moth, American grapevine leafhopper, pheromone lures, sticky boards, Bela krajina, grapevine