Pomen prisotnosti doule pri porodu : diplomsko delo

Drčar, Maja (avtor), Stanek Zidarič, Tita (mentor)

Uvod: V današnjem času večina žensk rojeva v porodnišnicah, kjer je stalna prisotnost babice bolj izjema kot pravilo. Podpora med porodom naj bi vključevala tudi čustveno podporo, vzpodbujanje, informiranje in zagovarjanje interesov porodnice. Zato pa je doula izkušena oseba, ki nudi podporo ženski ali paru pred, med in po porodu. Doulino podporo skozi nosečnost in porod povezujejo z nižjim številom nedonošenih otrok in carskih rezov. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati, kako porodna podpora vpliva na porod in zakaj se ženske odločajo za prisotnost doule pri porodu. V nadaljevanju pa je cilj ugotoviti, kakšna je definicija doule, predstaviti vlogo babic in doul, prav tako pa ugotoviti, kaj ženske pričakujejo od doule in ali so s svojo porodno izkušnjo bolj zadovoljne zaradi prisotnosti doule. Metode dela: Za teoretični del diplomskega dela je bila uporabljena deskriptivna, opisna metoda dela. Za pregled tuje literature so bili uporabljeni iskalniki: PubMed, Google Scholar, Science direct in Cochraine library database. Za empirični del diplomskega dela pa je bila uporabljena kavzalno-eksperimentalna metoda dela. Zbiranje podatkov za analizo je potekalo s pomočjo spletnega anketnega vprašalnika. Rezultati: Med razlogi žensk za odločitev za prisotnost doule med porodom se najpogosteje pojavijo želja po kontinuirani obravnavi pred in po porodu, stalna prisotnost med porodom ter želja po zagovarjanju njenih potreb. Poleg tega pa tudi predhodna slaba porodna izkušnja in dejstvo, da jim doula predstavlja občutek varnosti, zaupanja in emocionalne podpore. Razprava in zaključek: Babice stremimo k celostni, kontinuirani obravnavi porodnic, ampak to zaradi preobremenjenosti v zdravstvenem sistemu ni vedno mogoče. Strokovna zdravstvena oskrba med porodom je enako pomembna kot čustvena podpora, saj lahko pomanjkanje le-te vodi celo do psiholoških travm, ki prav tako poslabšajo kakovost življenja žensk in njihovih družin. Zaradi želje žensk po čustveni podpori izhaja tudi potreba po doulah. Doule morajo oz. bi morale dobro poznati svoje pristojnosti in kritično gledati na svoje znanje ter se v vsakem trenutku zavedati, do kje sega meja njihovih »pristojnosti«. Da bi ženske izkusile svojo porodno izkušnjo kot varno in izpolnjujočo, je nujno sodelovanje med babico in doulo.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: doula, čustvena podpora, babica, porodna izkušnja
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-113002
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5738603
• Datum objave v RUL: 28.11.2019

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Importance of doula presence at birth : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Today, the majority of women give birth in maternity hospitals, where constant presence and support is more of an exception than a rule. Support during labour should include emotional support, encouragement, informing, and defending the interesets of a birthing mother. Therefore Doula is an experienced person who offeres support before, during or after birth. Presence of doula is conected with lower rate of cesarian sections and premature births. Aim: The aim of this Diploma thesis is to investigate how preparation for labour affects delivery and why women decide for the presence of a doula during childbirth. Next, the aim is to reach the definition of a doula, the role of midwives and doulas, as well as to find out what women expect from doulas and whether these women are more pleased with their childbirth experience due to the presence of a doula. Method: The theoretical part of the diploma work is based on the descriptive research. Foreign literature was studied using the following browsers: PubMed, Google Scholar, Science direct, and Cochraine library database. Causal-experimental research is used for conducting the empirical part of the diploma work. Data for analysis were gathered using a survey questionnaire. Results: The most often reasons for deciding for the presence of a doula during childbirth are continous treatment before and after labour, constant presence during the labour, the wish for defending their needs, and bad childbirth experience from the past. Doula also presents the feeling of safety, trust, and emotional support. Conclusion: Midwives strive for an overall, continuous treatment of birthing mothers, but due to the overloadness of the healthcare system it is often impossible. It is imperative to be aware of the fact that emotional support during labour is just as important as professional health care. The lack of emotional support can lead to phsychological trauma, which deterioraties the quality of life of the birthing mothers and their families. This is also the reason for the need of doulas. Doulas should, on the other hand, be always aware of their authority limiations and of the level of professional knowledge they actually have. For safer and more empowering birthing experience cooperation betwen midwife and doula is necessary.

• Ključne besede: doula, emotional support, midwife, birth experience