Gojenje listnatih azijskih vrtnin na hidroponskem sistemu

Pesjak, Eva (avtor), Kacjan Maršić, Nina (mentor)

V diplomski nalogi smo proučevali gojenje azijskih listnatih vrtnin na hidroponskem sistemu NFT (Nutrient Film Technique), v primerjavi z gojenjem v tleh. Poskus je potekal od maja do julija 2018 v steklenjaku na hidroponskem sistemu in v neogrevanem rastlinjaku v tleh, na laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani. V poskus smo vključili različne vrste gorčic: listnato gorčico za rez ('Mizuna rot', 'Mizuna grün'), velikolistno rdečo in kodrolistno gorčico ('Mustard giant rot', 'Mustard giant grün') in pak choi ('Mei Qing Choi'). Rastline smo maja presadili na NFT hidroponski sistem in na gredico v rastlinjak. Pridelek smo pobirali v več terminih, 29. 6. 2018 in 19. 7. 2018 (gorčice) ter 29. 6. 2018 in 4. 7. 2018 (pak choi). Po spravilu smo izvedli meritve: izmerili smo višino, stehtali nadzemni del rastlin in prešteli število porezanih listov ter izmerili delež suhe snovi, po sušenju vzorcev v sušilniku. Pri pobiranju smo dvakratno rez uspešno opravili le pri listnati gorčici za rez ('Mizuna grün'), pri kateri je bil pridelek na NFT sistemu 6,86 kg/m2, pri gojenju v tleh pa 3,14 kg/m2. Pridelek velikolistne gorčice smo pobrali le na NFT sistemu, saj so rastline pri pridelavi v tleh zacvetele že pred začetkom pobiranja. Pridelek velikolistnih gorčic je bil 4,4 kg/m2 ('Mustard giant rot') in 3,68 kg/m2 ('Mustard gaint grün'). Pridelek rastlin vrste pak choi smo pobrali enkrat. Pri pridelavi v tleh so bile rastline tehnološko zrele konec junija, pridelek je bil 6,52 kg/m2, na NFT pa smo tehnološko zrel pridelek pobirali 4. 7. 2018, pobrali smo 5,98 kg/m2.pridelka. Na uspešnost pridelave azijskih listnatih vrtnin vpliva tako sistem pridelave, kot tudi pravočasna zasnova posevka. Za rdečo listnato gorčico za rez, kakor tudi za velikolistni gorčici, pridelani v tleh, je bil izbrani termin (maj-julij) prepozen, saj so ušle v cvet pred opravljenimi meritvami.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: hidroponski sistem, hidroponika, mustard, Brassica juncea subsp. ntegrifolia, mizuna, Brassica juncea subsp. integrifolia var. Japonica, pak choi, Brassica rapa ssp. Chinensis, pridelek
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Založnik: [E. Pesjak]
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111887
• UDK: 635.3:631.589.2(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9331065
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.10.2019

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Cultivation of leafy asian vegetables on hydroponic system

Izvleček

In this study, the cultivation of Asian leafy vegetables on NFT hydroponic system (Nutrient Film Technique) compared to soil cultivation were studied. The experiment was conducted on the laboratory field of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana, from May to July 2018, in a greenhouse, on a hydroponic system and in an unheated greenhouse in the soil. Different types of Asian leafy vegetables were included: leaf mustard for cutting ('Mizuna rot', 'Mizuna grün'), red and curly leaf mustard ('Mustard giant rot', 'Mustard giant grün') and pak choi ('Mei Qing Choi'). The plants were transplanted in May to NFT hydroponic system and on the soil bed into the greenhouse. The yield of 'Mizuna grün' was harvested twice (29.6. and 19.7 2018) in soil and on NFT. The yield of 'Mustard giant rot' and 'Mustard giant grün' was harvested once, 29.6. 2018 in NFT system, and the yield of pak choi, once for each system, 29. 6. 2018 for a soil and 4. 7. 2018 for the NFT system. After each harvest, we measured the plant height, weighed the above-ground part of the plants and counted the number of cut leaves. The dry weight was calculated after drying the samples in the dryer. Only with 'Mizuna grün', we had two cuttings, and the total yield was 6.86 kg/m2 on the NFT system and 3.14 kg/m2 in the soil. The harvest of 'Mustard giant grün' and 86 kg/m2 on the NFT system and 3.14 kg/m2 in the soil. The harvest of 'Mustard giant rot was successful only on NFT system, as plants grown in soil, started to germinate before the harvest was performed. The yield of leafy mustard was 4.4 kg/m2 (Mustard giant rot') and 3.68 kg/m2 'Mustard giant grün'. In soil cultivation, the 'Mustard plants started to germinate before harvesting. We harvested a yield of pak choi plants once. In soil cultivation, a technologically mature plants were harvested at the end of June, the yield was 6.52 kg/m2, and at NFT, the technologically mature plants were harvested on 4.7. 2018 and the yield was 5.98 kg/m2. The yield of Asian leafy vegetables is influenced by the production system and the growing period. For red leaf mustard for cut, as well as for big leaved mustard grown in the soil, the chosen date (May-July) was too late, since the plants flowered before the measurements were taken.

• Ključne besede: hydroponic system, hydroponics, mustard, Brassica juncea subsp. integrifolia, mizuna, Brassica juncea subsp. integrifolia var. Japonica), pak choi, Brassica rapa ssp. Chinensis, yield