The number of organ donors is unable to meet the growing demand for human organs. With deceased organ donation no longer sufficing, living organ donation is gaining attention. In the search for solutions to cope with organ shortage, new types of organ donation, presented in this master’s thesis, have emerged. One is cross-over transplantation, which involves organ donation and transplantation between two donor-recipient pairs. The donor from one pair donates an organ to the recipient from the other pair and vice versa. List-paired (indirect) exchange and donor chains are presented as well. In addition to the general dilemmas regarding organ donation, I wonder whether the described new types of organ donation follow the basic principle of altruism or do they mean a step towards organ trafficking. The requirement of both international and national legal documents for a special relationship (genetic, familial or emotional) between the living donor and the recipient calls the admissibility of those new types of organ donation into question. On the other hand, such a request can be criticized for being paternalistic and disproportional. The thesis analyzes the German and Slovenian legal regulation of the presented issues in detail and additionally provides a unique insight into the national regulations on cross-over transplantation in selected European countries. As a novelty, the current legal dilemmas of uterus transplantation are presented and de lege ferenda solutions are proposed.
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