The master’s thesis addresses the theoretical field of political philosophy of Antonio Gramsci, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri and Walter Mignolo. Using comparative and interpretative analysis, it attempts to portray possible similarities between the concepts and theories of the selected authors. The aim of the thesis is to analyse and compare Gramsci’s dictatorship of the proletariat, Hardt’s and Negri’s multitude and Mignolo’s system of the communal. Within these concepts, key elements such as hegemony, counter-hegemony, intellectuals, type of structure of the organisation/system, ideologies, language and collectivity are compared. The interpretation of the concepts showed that the theories of Gramsci, Hardt and Negri and Mignolo can be, to a certain degree, equated within the process of contextualisation. We can also assert with certainty that the chosen theories are theories of liberation, considering the time and place of their origin. The hegemonic actor, that is, the bourgeoisie, the Empire and the imperial West, represent the same social groups/classes; furthermore, it can be argued that political theorists assume the same relationship between subordinate and ruling social groups/classes within different societies. Through interpretation, it was possible to establish that no connection can be asserted between the ideology of hegemony of Gramsci, Hardt and Negri and Mignolo’s ideology of decolonisation and border thinking.
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