Urbanization, people moving to large cities and the changing of the rural areas into more urban environments is a process, which has been emerging through history. The main reasons for migration from the countryside to the city were mostly social throughout history. The migration was mainly due to the desire for better living conditions and better living standards. In order to understand these urbanization processes more precisely, it is necessary to combine several disciplines. These are architecture, landscape architecture, sociology, ecology, urban economics and urbanism. In the process of urban expansion, living structure of the cities had changed. In the metropolises, many different residential districts were created for certain social groups. The poorest population was emigrated or pushed to the edges of towns. There began to develop poor barrack settlements (shanties), which we call the slums, while Brazilian slums are named favelas. Marginal groups, which were inhabited in these settlements, are daily facing with various problems. One of the most worrying problems is pollution, which is the most vulnerable to the slum population. That is mostly due to poor living and hygienic conditions, old household technology and bad access to clean water. In Rio, the biggest problems that people are facing are crime, violence, diseases and poorly rganized eduation. Crime is largely due to poor economic conditions, and crime is the only way of survival for many. The situations in favelas has been changing for the past several years, mainly through the help of various informal organizations working to help the population in favelas.
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