Primerjava različnih proteznih stopal glede na uporabo, porabo energije, hitrosti in stabilnosti hoje : diplomsko delo

Jerič, Jasmina (avtor), Divjak, Mojca (mentor)

Uvod: Hoja s transtibialno protezo ima za posledico višjo porabo presnovne energije kot hoja z dvema zdravima okončinama. Glede pravilne izbire proteznega stopala se najprej oceni trenutno stanje aktivnosti pacienta, njegove možnosti za napredek in njegove potrebe. Končna izbira je vedno kompromis, ker vsaka proteza ni primerna za vse aktivnosti ter druge zahteve. Najboljše protezno stopalo je tisto, ki pacientu najbolj ustreza glede na njegove potrebe v času izbire. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je primerjati stopala s trdim gležnjem in z oblazinjeno peto ter stopala za shranjevanje in vračanje energije glede na porabo energije, funkcionalnosti proteze – hitrosti hoje, samo izbrane hitrosti hoje, stabilnosti, enakomernosti hoje in dolžino koraka pri transtibialnih amputirancih. Metode dela: Za pisanje diplomskega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno in komparativno metodo dela. Strokovne članke smo iskali po podatkovnih bazah PubMed, Sience Direct, Google Scholar, Sage Journals in ResearcgGate. Za iskanje knjižne literature smo uporabili knjižnični informativni sistem COBISS. Literaturo smo iskali v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku; aprila in avgusta 2016, oktobra in novembra 2018. Izbrali smo literaturo, objavljeno v obdobju od 2002 do 2018. Vključitveni kriteriji: primerjava med protetičnimi stopali, enostranska transtibialna amputacija, SACH, ESAR. Rezultati: V hitrosti hoje, samo izbrani hitrosti hoje in dolžini koraka amputirane noge nismo našli statistično pomembnih razlik med stopali. Statistično pomembne razlike so se pokazale v oceni dojemanja napora, porabi energije pri hitrosti 4,8 km/h, v simetriji hoje in stabilnosti. Razprava in zaključek: Stopala za shranjevanje in vračanje energije izboljšajo stabilnost, simetrijo hoje, uporabniki pa čutijo manj napora pri uporabi le-teh. V primerjavi s stopali s trdim gležnjem in z oblazinjeno peto so stopala za shranjevanje in vračanje energije dosegala boljše rezultate skoraj v vseh raziskanih področjih, četudi rezultati niso bili statistično pomembni; česar seveda ne bi smeli zanemariti, saj lahko tudi te lastnosti izboljšajo kvaliteto življenja določenega posameznika.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: SACH, ESAR, transtibialna amputacija, poraba energije, simetrija hoje
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-110754
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5691243
• Datum objave v RUL: 19.09.2019

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Comparison of different prosthetics feet regarding usage, energy consumption, speed and stability of walking : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Compared to walking with two healthy limbs, walking with transtibial prosthesis results in a higher consumption of metabolic energy. Suitable prosthesis foot is chosen considering current state of patient’s activity, possibilities for progress and patients needs. The final choice is always a compromise, as every prostheses is not suitable for all activates and other requirements. The best prosthesis foot is the one which corresponds to patients needs at the moment of choice. Purpose: The purpose of diploma work is to compare prosthetic feet with solid ankle and padded heel, as well as energy storing and return prosthetic feet, regarding energy consumption, prosthesis functionality as for walking speed, self – selecting walking speed, stability, and steadiness of walking as well as length of the step in transtibial amputees. Methods: In diploma work we used descriptive and comparative method. Scientific articles were searched in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Sage Journals and ?Research Gate database. For book literature we used library informational system COBISS. Literature was searched in Slovenian and English language in periods from April to August 2016, and from October to November 2018. We have selected literature published in the period from 2002 to 2018. Inclusion criteria: comparison between prosthetics feet, unilateral transtibial amputation, SACH, ESAR. Results: Statistically significant differences were not found regarding walking speed, self-selecting walking speed and length of the step in amputated leg. Statistically significant differences were found in evaluation of the perception of effort, energy consumption at a speed of 4, 8 km/h, in symmetric walking and stability. Discussion and conclusion: Energy storing and return prosthetic feet improve stability, symmetry of walking and users feel less strain using them. Compared to prosthetic feet with solid ankle and padded heel, prosthetic feet for storing and returning achieve better results in almost all research areas, even though results were not statistically significant. However, this should not be disregarded, as these features can improve quality of life in each individual.

• Ključne besede: SACH, ESAR, transtibial amputation, energy consumption, walking symmetry