Preučevanje učinkovitosti različnih insekticidnih pripravkov na kapusove bolhače (Phyllotreta spp., Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) v laboratorijski razmerah

Trogar, Marjeta (avtor), Trdan, Stanislav (mentor), Rak Cizej, Magda (komentor)

V laboratorijskem poskusu, ki je potekal na Inštitutu za hmeljarstvo in pivovarstvo Slovenije, na Oddelku za varstvo rastlin v Žalcu, smo preverjali učinkovitost različnih aktivnih snovi (azadirahtin A, naravni piretrin, spinosad, kaolinska glina in lesni pepel) na odrasle osebke črnega kapusovega bolhača (Phyllotreta atra), ter jih primerjali s standardno aktivno snovjo lambda-cihalotrin, katero vsebuje pripravek Karate Zeon 5 CS. Vsak pripravek smo preizkušali v petih ponovitvah. Raztopine pripravkov smo razpršili s pomočjo aparature Potter Tower po listih zelja. Raztopino CutiSana (kaolinsko glino) smo nanesli s pomočjo plastenke z razpršilom, lesni pepel (večinoma bukov) pa s pomočjo najlonske nogavice. V vsako petrijevko s tretiranim zeljem smo dodali 10 odraslih osebkov črnega kapusovega in jih dali v predušno posodo, katere smo postavili v laboratorij na sobno temperaturo in izpostavili dnevni svetlobi. Za kontrolo smo uporabili liste zelja, katere smo poškropili le z vodo. Učinkovitost pripravkov smo ocenjevali 2., 3. in 5. dan po nanosu, kjer smo ugotavljali umrljivost (mortaliteto) bolhačev, vizualno določili delež pojedene listne površine zelja in izračunali % učinkovitosti posamezne aktivne snovi po formuli Abbott. Na podlagi rezultatov naše raziskave lahko sklepamo, da kapusove bolhače vrste Phyllotreta atra najbolj zatirajo pripravki s kontaktnim in želodčnim delovanjem. V naši raziskavi sta se kot najbolj učinkoviti izkazali aktivni snovi spinosad in lambda-cihalotrin. Najslabšo učinkovitost pa je zaradi počasnega delovanja imela aktivna snov azadirahtin A.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: kapusovi bolhači, Phyllotreta atra, zelje, insekticidi, učinkovitost, smrtnost hroščev, poškodbe na listih, laboratorijski poskus
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Založnik: [M. Trogar]
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-110505
• UDK: 632.76:631.147:632.951(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9301625
• Datum objave v RUL: 15.09.2019

TROGAR, Marjeta, 2019, Preučevanje učinkovitosti različnih insekticidnih pripravkov na kapusove bolhače (Phyllotreta spp., Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) v laboratorijski razmerah [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. M. Trogar. [Dostopano 6 maj 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=110505

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Investigation on the efficacy of different insecticidal products against cabbage flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp., Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) under laboratory conditions

Izvleček

In the laboratory experiment, which was taken place at the Slovenian Institute of Hop Research and Brewing (Department of Plant Protection) in Žalec, we studied the effectiveness of different active substances (azadirachtin A, natural pirethrin, spinosad, caolin clay, and wood ash) against the adults of cabbage flea beetle Phyllotreta atra. The substances were compared with the standard active ingredient lambda-cihalothrin, which contains the product Karate Zeon 5 CS. Each product have been tested in five repetitions. The solutions of products were applied on the leaves of cabbage with the apparatus Potter's Tower. The solution of CutiSan (caolin clay) was applied with a bottle with a spray, while wood ash (mainly of beech) was applied with a nylon socks. In each Petri dish with the treated cabbage leaves we added 10 adults of cabbage flea bettle, and then we placed them in upholstery container, which we set up in the laboratory at room temperature and exposed to daily light. For control, we used the cabbage leaves, which we sprayed only with water. The effectiveness of the products we have evaluated 2, 3, and 5 days after application; we determined the mortality rate (mortality) of beetles, visually determined the percentage of damage caused by the beetles on the cabbage leaves, and calculated the % of efficiency of each active substances according to the Abbott's formula. On the basis of the results of our research, we can conclude that the adults of Phyllotreta atra oppress the most preparations with the contact and the gastric action. In our study, the two most effective active substances have proven to be spinosad and lambda-cihalothrin. The lowest efficacy showed the active ingredient azadirahtin A due mainly to its slow action.

• Ključne besede: cabbage flea beetles, Phyllotreta atra, cabbage, insecticides, efficacy, mortality of adults, injuries on the leaves, laboratory trial