Glioblastoma multiforme (GB) is the most frequent and aggressive brain tumor in human, with high proliferative and diffuse invasive properties. The outcome of the disease is dismal, due to impossible total surgical resection and tumor resistance to irradiation and chemotherapy. Moreover, the tumor often recurs in a period of a few months. Chemotactic cytokines or chemokines are involved in many signaling pathways within physiological homeostasis and in pathologic states. In GB tissues samples from patients and in GB cells we have analyzed CCL5 and CCR5 gene expression using qPCR-RT and CCL5 and CCR5 protein expression using immunohistochemistry. Both CCL5 and CCR5 expressions were increased in GB tissue samples and in recurrent GB tissues, which means very bad prognosis for survival. Chemokine CCL5 and its receptor CCR5 in GB cells are involved in proliferation, cell survival and invasion. We can block CCL5 induced chemotaxis with CCR5 antagonist Maraviroc (MVR). Using this inhibitor, we verified the inhibitory effect on cell survival and invasion of GB cells, when challenged by CCL5. Using MTT assay, we also demonstrated that MVR had no effect on GB cell viability.
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