Doživljanje oskrbovanja osebe z demenco v domačem okolju in vloga delovnega terapevta : diplomsko delo

Lapajne, Ana (avtor), Tomšič, Marija (mentor)

Uvod: Skrb za osebe z demenco v domačem okolju najpogosteje prevzemajo bližnji družinski člani. Imenujemo jih neformalni oskrbovalci. Zaradi progresivne narave bolezni in pomanjkanja znanja pri oskrbovanju svojca z demenco naletijo na več različnih ovir. Namen: Želeli smo ugotoviti, kako svojci doživljajo oskrbovanje osebe z demenco v domačem okolju in kako se soočajo z novo življenjsko vlogo. Preveriti smo želeli tudi, kakšna je vloga delovnega terapevta in na kakšne načine lahko svojcem olajša skrb za osebo z demenco. Metode dela: V raziskavi je sodelovalo deset svojcev, ki že dlje časa skrbijo za osebo z demenco. Devet od teh je bilo ženskega spola in le ena moškega spola. Stari so bili med 30 do 69 let. Podatke smo pridobivali s pomočjo polstrukturiranega intervjuja, ki smo ga z dovoljenjem udeležencev zvočno snemali. Transkripti zvočnih posnetkov so bili analizirani s pomočjo kvalitativne analize. Rezultati: Kvalitativna analiza je privedla do oblikovanja treh različnih tem 1) vpliv demence na osebo, 2) spoprijemanje z vlogo skrbnika in 3) ohranjanje vključenosti v vsakodnevne aktivnosti. Bolezen je v življenja svojcev vnesla različne spremembe na vseh življenjskih področjih. Zaradi pomanjkanja znanja in pomanjkanja časa se spopadajo z različnimi bremeni. Vloga neformalnega oskrbovalca je v večini predstavljala dodatno breme, nekateri so jo sprejeli kot življenjsko odgovornost. Najpogosteje so se zatekali k neformalnim oblikam pomoči, torej pomoči bližnjih družinskih članov in prijateljev. Druga najpogostejša oblika pomoči je bila pomoč na domu. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati so pokazali, da je delovna terapija nepoznana zdravstvena stroka, vendar bi bila nujno potrebna že v začetni fazi demence. Delovali bi lahko znotraj multidisciplinarnega tima na domu ter v dnevnem varstvu. Že v začetni fazi bi lahko svojcem svetovali ter jih izobraževali o različnih pristopih, s katerimi bi podaljševali samostojnost oseb z demenco in izboljševali njihove spretnosti. Svojcem bi lahko svetovali o prilagoditvah domačega okolja in o uporabi različnih pripomočkov.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: neformalni oskrbovalci, domače okolje, delovna terapija
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-108754
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5661035
• Datum objave v RUL: 19.07.2019

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The experience of caregiving of persons with dementia in their home environment and the role of an occupational therapist : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Taking care of a person suffering from dementia is a task usually undertaken by the closest family members. We call them informal care-givers. Due to the progressive nature of the illness and lack of knowledge in taking care of a family member they encounter a number of different obstacles. Purpose: We wanted to determine how family members experience taking care of a dementia patient and how they face this new role in their life. We also wanted to check what is the role of an occupational therapist and in what ways they are able to make this task easier both to the family members and the patient suffering from dementia. Methods of work: We conducted the survey with ten family members, who have been taking care of a member of their family for a longer period of time. Nine were female, and only one male, aged between 30 and 69 years. We obtained data using a semi-structured interview, which has been recorded (audio) with the permission of the participants. Results: Through the process of qualitative analysis we were able to form three different topics: 1) the effect of dementia on a person, 2) coping with the role of the care-giver and 3) maintaining their own daily activities. The illness brought various changes in all areas of life to the lives of the family members. Due to lack of knowledge and time they face various burdens, some have accepted it as their sole life responsibility. Most often they sought non-formal forms of help, namely help of close family members and friends. The second most frequent form of help was help in their own home. Discussion and conclusion: The results have shown that occupational therapy is a relatively unknown medical profession, but one that would be of critical importance in the beginning stage of dementia. Occupational therapists would be able to work in a multidisciplinary home team and day care. Even in the beginning stage of the illness they would be able to advise the family members and educate them on different possible approaches, which would lengthen the independence of persons with dementia and improve their skills. Additionally, they could advise family members on how to adapt the home environment and how to use various aids.

• Ključne besede: non-formal care-givers, home environment, occupational therapy