This master thesis describes and presents a simple UV-visible spectrometer that we can make ourselves. With the spectrometer, I would like to bring ultraviolet light closer to both teachers and students. The theoretical part of the thesis includes a description of the basics of light and presentation of all the key areas of the experiment. In this part, the most known sources of ultraviolet light are listed, as well as a description of the two possible ways of splitting the light. Those are refraction, presented with deflection equation, and dispersion connected to Snell's law. The fields of spectroscopy in spectrometry are briefly presented, in connection with the interaction of electromagnetic waves with a substance. In addition to the interaction, the term photon is presented as well. The absorption of the density of the energy current is defined and with it various energy excited states - electronic, vibration and rotation state. One of the chapters is focused on the physical phenomenon of luminescence and the presentation and the two areas of photoluminescence, namely phosphorescence in fluorescence. The latter is crucial for observing ultraviolet light with the naked eye in the aforementioned experiment. In the experimental part of the master thesis, the focus is on the digital capture of the light spectrum emitted by the ultraviolet light. With its help, attenuations of different materials from our surroundings are measured as well as the effectiveness of protective sunscreens. Each spectrum that passes through various measuring instruments is captured with a camera and computerized so that the measurements are comparable. In the conclusion, a lesson plan for a workshop is presented as well as a proposal for a way to present this physical field to students and make them interested in it.
|
