Subjektivna ocena kakovosti življenja oseb s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2

Mrhar, Tina (avtor), Filipčič, Tjaša (mentor), Jerman, Janez (komentor)

Sladkorna bolezen tipa 2 zaradi svojih posebnosti pomembno vpliva na življenjski slog posameznika, saj zahteva določene prilagoditve v vsakodnevnem življenju. Pri neustreznem zdravljenju in napredovanju bolezni se lahko pojavijo dodatni zapleti, kar izrazito vpliva na zaznano kakovost življenja posameznega bolnika. Preventiva pred sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 in pred dodatnimi težavami pri napredovanju bolezni je tudi gibalna/športna aktivnost. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, ali obstaja povezava med subjektivno oceno zaznane kakovosti življenja in redno gibalno/športno aktivnostjo bolnikov s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2. Zanimalo nas je tudi, kako se zaznana kakovost življenja po postavitvi diagnoze spreminja. Razlike med gibalno/športno aktivnimi in neaktivnimi osebami smo preverili za štiri področja kakovosti življenja: splošno zdravstveno stanje, socialno-ekonomski status, psihično zadovoljstvo in zadovoljstvo z družino. Rezultate smo pridobili s pomočjo vprašalnika Indeks kakovosti življenja bolnikov s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 43 oseb s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2, starih od 19 do 65 let. Razdelili smo jih v dve skupini. V prvi skupini so bile redno gibalno/športno aktivne osebe (N = 27), v drugi skupini pa osebe, ki niso redno gibalno/športno aktivne (N = 16). Kriterij za gibalno/športno aktivnost je bil vsaj 90 minut katerekoli gibalno/športne aktivnosti (npr. hoja, tek, plavanje) na teden. Povprečen čas od postavitve diagnoze je bil 8,38 leta (SD = 6,82). Rezultati srednjih vrednosti so pokazali, da gibalno/športno aktivni posamezniki višje ocenjujejo kakovost življenja, vendar razlike med skupinama niso statistično pomembne. Največje razlike v srednjih vrednostih so se pokazale na področju splošnega zdravstvenega stanja (M1 = 18,08; M2 = 17,57), manjše na področju socialno-ekonomskega statusa (M1 = 20,18; M2 = 19,38) in psihičnega zadovoljstva (M1 = 19,20; M2 = 18,51), najmanjše na področju zadovoljstva z družino (M1 = 21,65; M2 = 21,21). Na nobenem od štirih področjih razlike niso bile statistično pomembne. Ugotovili smo šibko pozitivno povezavo med časom od postavitve diagnoze in zaznano kakovostjo življenja, vendar povezava ni statistično pomembna (p = 0,06). Največje razlike med skupinama so se pojavile na področju splošnega zdravstvenega stanja, saj gibalna/športna aktivnost najbolj neposredno vpliva na fizično dobro počutje posameznika. Na ostalih področjih imajo pri oceni kakovosti življenja lahko velik vpliv nekateri drugi dejavniki, kot so posameznikova prepričanja, pretekle izkušnje, trenutne okoliščine (npr. ločitev, trenutna finančna situacija ipd.), ki niso direktno povezani s sladkorno boleznijo. Udeležence bi bilo smiselno spremljati dalj časa in jih spodbuditi k povečani gibalni/športni dejavnosti, nato pa primerjati samoocene kakovosti življenja.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: sladkorna bolezen
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-106907
• COBISS.SI-ID: 12355657
• Datum objave v RUL: 27.03.2019

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Self-reported quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes

Izvleček

Type 2 diabetes has a significant influence on the individual's lifestyle due to its specificity, as it requires certain adjustments in everyday life. Inadequate treatment and progression of the disease may lead to additional complications, which significantly affect the perceived quality of life of an individual patient. Prevention against type 2 diabetes and additional problems in the progression of the disease is also physical/sports activity. The purpose of the study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the self-reported perceived quality of life and the regular physical/sports activity of patients with type 2 diabetes. We were also interested in how the perceived quality of life is changing after the diagnosis. We examined the differences between physically active and inactive people for four fields of quality of life: general health, socio-economic status, mental contentment and family contentment. The results were obtained using the Quality of Life Index for patients with type 2 diabetes. The study involved 42 people with type 2 diabetes, aged 19 to 65 years. We divided them into two groups. In the first group, there were regularly physical/sports active people (N = 27), while in the second group they were people who were not regularly physical/sports active (N = 16). The criterion for physical/sports activity was at least 90 minutes of any physical/sports activity (e.g. walking, running, swimming) per week. The average time since diagnosis was 8.38 years (SD = 6.82). The results of median values showed that physically active individuals are more likely to evaluate the quality of life higher, but the differences between the groups are not statistically significant. The greatest differences in median values have been shown in the general health situation (M1 = 18.08, M2 = 17.57), small differences in the field of socioeconomic status (M1 = 20.18; M2 = 19.38) and psychological contentment (M1 = 19.20; M2 = 18.51), and the smallest differences in the field of family contentment (M1 = 21.65; M2 = 21.21). In none of the four fields, the differences were statistically significant. We found a weakly positive correlation between the time since the diagnosis and the perceived quality of life, but the correlation is not statistically significant (p = 0.06). The biggest differences between the two groups appeared in the field of general health situation, because the physical/sports activity has the most direct impact on an individual’s physical wellbeing. In other fields, there are other factors, which do not have a direct connection with diabetes, that can have a big impact on the evaluation of the quality of life (e.g. divorce, financial situation etc.). It would make sense to monitor the participants of the study for a longer time and encourage them to take part in more physical/sport activity, and then compare the self-evaluation of the quality of life.

• Ključne besede: diabetes