Requirements for the energy performance of buildings, indoor comfort and environmental protection should go hand in hand. For this reason, there has been more and more talk about reducing CO2 emissions recently and increasing energy efficiency and use of renewable energy sources. The purpose of the work is analyzing the operation of the double skin facade on the concrete case of the SOP-Krško building (the first example of a double skin façade in Slovenia) in terms of energy efficiency and indoor comfort. At the beginning of the task, we reviewed the legislative bases with a set of criteria for the efficient energy use. The database presented the Rules on efficient use of energy in buildings with a technical guideline (PURES) and the Building Act (Gradbeni zakon), Rules on the ventilation and air-conditioning of buildings (Pravilnik o prezračevanju in klimatizaciji stavb), with the help of the Technical Guideline TSG-1-004:2010-The Efficient Use of Energy (Tehnična smernica-Učinkovita raba energije). The main part of the task is the analysis of double skin facade in general, where we tried to present the concept of their operation through researches in this field and take a look at examples of best practice. Based on the reviewed literature and the actual state of our object, we gave reasons for the ineffectiveness of the operation of double skin façade. On the building we also performed the measurements (illumination, noise, temperature, humidity, velocity of air movement in the ventilation cavity), and compared them with the standards and recommendations. In the final part of the task, we then tried to present the actual situation and determine the required annual energy for heating and cooling in the measuring room. For this purpose, we developed three variants of models: closed double skin facade, opened double skin facade and common one-skn facade. using the DesignBuilder software tool.
The values obtained from different models were compared with each other. We came to conclusion that the minimum annual cooling loads are achieved at open facade model (46.2 kWh/(m2a), and minimum annual heating loads at closed facade model (26.8 kWh/(m2a)). Both values were obtained by ventilation using the calculated method (ventilation was present both in the cavity and in the rooms). The smallest total primary energy occurs in the closed facade model with the calculated method of ventilation, namely 456 kWh/(m2a). The analysis of the selected parameters of thermal comfort showed that more comfortable conditions were achieved in the models with a double façade, In the case of a single facade model, comfort is not achieved due to too high operative temperatures. In the end of the task all values were compared with the legislation. Finally we introduced measures to improve the functioning of the double skin façade.
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