Plesne dejavnosti in dinamika v skupini predšolskih otrok : diplomsko delo

Slevc, Marija (avtor), Geršak, Vesna (mentor)

Ples je sredstvo, s katerim otrok razvija svoj gibalni, intelektualni, socialni in čustveni razvoj, ter preko raznolikih tovrstnih izkušenj osebnostno raste, krepi pozitivno samopodobo, medsebojne odnose in ob tem doživlja tudi veselje. Skozi ples otrok velikokrat lažje komunicira z okoljem, saj preko giba bolj sproščeno izraža svoje misli, hotenja, čustva in tako kaže odnos do sebe kot tudi do drugih. Z gibanjem se sprošča napetost, ki jo ustvarja zunanje okolje, različni pritiski, zato se moramo zavedati, da potrebujejo otroci čim več spodbud za aktivno ali umirjeno gibanje, s katerim lahko dosežejo umiritev oziroma telesno in duševno sprostitev. V moji diplomski nalogi Plesne dejavnosti in dinamika v skupini predšolskih otrok, so opisane načrtovane gibalno-plesne dejavnosti, preko katerih sem želela ustvariti sproščeno in prijetno vzdušje, otroke zbližati med seboj ter jim omogočiti čim lažji prehod v novo okolje z novimi vrstniki. S pomočjo plesa sem želela vzpostaviti prijetne medsebojne odnose (tako med otroki kot tudi med seboj in otroki), doseči sproščenost zadržanih otrok in v njih spodbuditi veselje in zanimanje do pripravljenih dejavnosti. Poleg skupnih plesov me je zanimal tudi vpliv gibalnega ustvarjanja v manjših skupinah otrok in sprememba dinamike pred in po izvajanju plesnih dejavnosti. V teoretičnem delu sem se najprej usmerila k značilnostim plesne vzgoje, nadaljevala pa z razvojnimi značilnostmi otrok, kjer sem se podrobneje posvetila čustveno-socialnemu razvoju. Nato sem predstavila sprostitveni učinek gibanja z opisom dejavnega in malo obširneje tudi umirjajočega sproščanja. V zaključnem delu teoretičnega dela sem se dotaknila še skupinske dinamike in socializacije v skupini predšolskih otrok ter gibalnega ustvarjanja v manjših skupinah. V empiričnem delu diplomske naloge sem predstavila petnajst dejavnosti, ki sem jih izvajala v skupini otrok, ki je bila septembra 2017 združena iz dveh različnih vrtčevskih skupin. Vsaka dejavnost je predstavljena s pripravo in analizo ter obogatena s fotografijami otrok med izvajanjem različnih gibalno-plesnih izzivov. Moj projekt v vrtcu se je izkazal kot izjemno dobrodošel, otroci so se nanj pozitivno odzvali, saj je bilo vzdušje ob dejavnostih prijetno in sproščeno, kar se je čutilo tudi v vedno večji medsebojni povezanosti posameznih otrok med seboj in pri celotni skupinski dinamiki.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: gibanje, povezovanje, gibalno-plesne dejavnosti, vrtec
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Založnik: [M. Slevc]
• Leto izida: 2018
• Št. strani: 87 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-100874
• UDK: 373.2.016:793.3(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11975753
• Datum objave v RUL: 30.05.2018

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Dancing activities and group dynamics among preschool children

Izvleček

Dancing is a means of developing child's physical intellectual and emotional progress as well as developing personal growth through dancing experience that provides positive self-image, good relationships and the experience of happiness. Through dancing a child is able to communicate easily with the enviroment because he can express his thoughts, desires and emotions in a more relaxed manner, and in this way he shows his attitude towards himself and other people. With physical movement a child relases the tension from the enviroment, different kinds of pressure. Fot this reason we have to be aware of the fact that children need to be stimulated for active or relaxed movement, with which they calm down or physically and mentally relax. In my diploma thesis Dancing activities and group dynamics among preschool children I described some planned motorical-dancing activities with the intention to create a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere, to bring children closer together and to enable an easy start in a new enviroment with new peers. With the help of dancing I wanted to establish pleasant relations among children as well as between the children and myself to reach easiness with reserved children and to encourage joy and interest for prepared activities. In addition to group dances, I was interested in the influence of motorical creativity in smaller groups of children, and the change of dynamics before and after dancing activities. In the theoretical part I first focused on the characteristics of dance education. I went on with child's growth characteristics and I dealt with social-emotional development in detail. Next I presented the relaxing impact of movement with a description of active movement and relaxation. In the final part of the teorethical part I touched the group dynamics and socialization in a group of pre-school children as well as motorical creativity in small groups. In the empirical part of my thesis I introduced fifteen activities that were performed in a group of children, which was integrated from two different kindergarten groups in September 2017.Each activity is presented with the preparation and analysis enriched with children's photos taken during different motorical dancing challenges. My project proved out to be very welcome, children showed a positive reaction because the atmosphere was pleasant and relaxed during the activities. That was felt in better mutual relationships among children and in group dynamics.

• Ključne besede: pre-school child, dance, relaxation, predšolski otrok, ples, sprostitev