Introduction: Pain in the back is a syndrome that manifests with pain that is localized below the ribs edge and over the gluteal wrinkles, increased muscle tension, segment rigidity and with or without associated leg pain. Exercise therapy is the most common type of conservative treatment of pain in the lumbar-cross section. The authors find that exercise therapy is effective in reducing pain and improving the function of chronic back pain. There is no clear evidence that any type of exercise is more effective than others. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to review the effects of various types of exercise on resistance to pain and muscular performance in patients with chronic pain in the lower back on the basis of published studies. Methods: A literature review was used as a method of work. The literature search was carried out using the Science Direct and PubMed databases and was limited to Slovenian and English Language. Results: In the thesis, we included 9 studies from 2005 to 2016. The research compared the various exercises amongst them. Changes in muscle function, experiencing pain, inability, and quality of life were all evaluated. All exercises had positively influenced the evaluated variables to a different extent. In most studies, segmental stabilization was performed. Discussion and conclusion: According to the results, we conclude that the segmental stabilization exercise has the greatest impact on muscle function and pain in patients with back pain compared to other exercises. However, the research was very different, and on the basis of this literature review, we cannot say which exercise is the most suitable for patients with back pain and would need further research.
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