Introduction: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most common spinal deformation, which usually emerge in puberty. It is a three-dimensional deformation, defined as a lateral curvature of the spine on the frontal plane and rotation, usually greater than 10° when measured on a radiograph using the Cobb method. Different orthoses are used for treating scoliosis. Their goal is to prevent progression of scoliosis and stabilization of the spine. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to find out two things: if the efficiency of orthoses is increasing with time and which orthosis is the most suitable for treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: The main method used in this thesis is the descriptive method with systematic review of literature. The time frame of the reviewed literature spans from the year 2007 to 2017. Search criteria for literature was in English language, with keywords: spinal deformity, spinal curvature, spinal orthosis, including data bases Medline (PubMed), CINAHL, COBIB.SI. We included 15 articles in the analysis. Results: Today the most popular orthosis for treatment adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Europe is Rigo System Chêneau. It is known as the most functional and aesthetical orthosis. The usage of the named orthosis is not the only chosen oprion, scince the patient treatment is individual. Discussion and conclusion: Pain, respiratory disfunction, and instability are possible results of scoliosis. Orthotist represents an important member of multidisciplinary team. His role is to choose optimal solution for every patient, depending on the given prognosis.
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