Opazovanje razvoja fenofaz pri češnji kot primer učenja z raziskovanjem pri predmetu naravoslovje v 6. razredu osnovne šole

Kralj, Sabina (avtor), Torkar, Gregor (mentor), Praprotnik, Luka (komentor)

Naravoslovne vsebine predstavljajo pomembno gibalo napredka znanstvenega sveta. Zaradi tega je pomembno, da učence pravilno usmerimo na pot naravoslovja, kjer širijo svoje znanje o naravoslovnih pojmih, zgradbi in delovanju živih organizmov ter hkrati razvijajo svojo zavest o ohranjanju narave. V diplomskem delu opozarjamo na pomembnost praktičnega pouka in učenja z raziskovanjem pri pouku naravoslovja. Že učni načrt navaja, da mora pouk naravoslovja temeljiti predvsem na neposrednem opazovanju, eksperimentalnem in terenskem delu. Kljub vsem priporočilom pa še vedno prevladuje frontalna oblika pouka, kjer je premalo poudarjeno samostojno in praktično učenje. V diplomskem delu predstavljamo opazovanje razvoja fenofaz češnje kot primer učenja z raziskovanjem. S pomočjo opazovanja dreves češnje na dveh različnih lokacijah smo ugotavljali, kakšen vpliv ima sama lokacija na hitrost pojavljanja fenofaz. Ugotovili smo, da se je pojavila razlika v hitrosti razvoja fenofaz na različnih lokacijah. Zanimalo nas je tudi, ali je med posameznimi vejami, obrnjenimi proti različnim smerem neba, razlika v hitrosti razvoja fenofaz. Ugotovili smo, da se med posameznimi vejami pojavljajo zelo majhne razlike v hitrosti razvoja fenofaz, vendar pa se skozi razvoj pojavijo razlike v intenzivnosti obarvanja plodov, saj so se plodovi, ki so bili dlje časa izpostavljeni soncu, hitreje obarvali. Ob koncu diplomskega dela predstavljamo raziskovalno učenje na primeru opazovanja razvoja fenofaz češnje, ki ga lahko izvedejo učenci pri pouku naravoslovja v šestem razredu osnovne šole. Zasnovali smo učno gradivo za učence in priporočila za učitelje. Učencem s tovrstnim načinom izvedbe pouka omogočamo neposredno izkušnjo, ki jih pripelje do bolj poglobljenega in trajnejšega znanja o zgradbi in delovanju posameznih rastlinskih organov, razmnoževanju rastlin ter ekologiji.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: praktični pouk
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-95815
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11722569
• Datum objave v RUL: 22.09.2017

KRALJ, Sabina, 2017, Opazovanje razvoja fenofaz pri češnji kot primer učenja z raziskovanjem pri predmetu naravoslovje v 6. razredu osnovne šole [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. [Dostopano 8 junij 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=95815

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Monitoring the cherry trees phenological development as an example of inquiry-based learning at the subject science for the sixth grade of primary school

Izvleček

Natural sciences are an important driving force for progress in the world of science. It is therefore essential that pupils are properly directed to the path of science, where their knowledge of scientific concepts and the structure and functioning of living organisms can be expanded while they are developing an awareness of nature conservation at the same time. In our graduate paper, we would like to emphasise the importance of practical lessons and learning through research during science lessons. The syllabus itself defines that science lessons should mostly be based on direct observation, experimental and field work. Despite all the recommendations, frontal lessons still prevail and there is an insufficient focus on independent and practical learning. In our graduate paper, we present the observation of the phenophases of a cherry tree as an example of learning through research. By observing cherry trees at two different locations, we established the impact of the location on the onset of phenophases. We discovered there was a difference in the onset of phenophases in the two locations. Besides the location, we wanted to find out if there were any differences in phenophase development for individual branches facing different directions. Only minor differences in terms of speed among individual branches were established, but we observed certain differences in fruit colouring intensity throughout the development. Fruits with more sun exposure obtained their colour faster than other fruits. At the end of our graduate paper, we would like to present learning through research while observing the development of the cherry trees’ phenophases, which can be performed by pupils during science lessons during the sixth grade in primary school. Learning materials for pupils and recommendations for teachers were created. This type of lesson provides pupils with direct experience, which leads to deeper and more permanent knowledge of the structure and functioning of certain plant organs, plant propagation and ecology.

• Ključne besede: practical lessons