Analiza pomnenja pri predšolskih otrocih na primeru informacij o gobah

Bezovnik, Jerica (avtor), Torkar, Gregor (mentor)

Otrok začne opazovati, spoznavati, doživljati in odkrivati okolico takoj, ko se rodi. Dejavnosti, ki se v okolju dogajajo, oblikujejo miselne operacije pri otroku in le-te veliko pripomorejo k razvoju lastnih miselnih sposobnosti in osebnostnem razvoju. Spoznavanje okolja je najprej proces, pot, s katerim se oblikujejo novi pojmi, nova znanja, nove izkušnje, razvija se mišljenje in vršijo se cilji. Spoznavanje okolja, življenja je hkrati proces in cilj, pri katerem pa so takoj po rojstvu pomemben člen otrokovega razvoja starši in kasneje vzgojitelji, ki otroku omogočijo samostojno reševanje problemov, mu nudijo pomoč, zgled, ga po potrebi usmerjajo in mu omogočijo, da pridobi lastne izkušnje in se z učenjem prilagodi okolju, v katerem se je rodil. V diplomskem delu sem želela ugotoviti, katere informacije (ime gobe, zavarovanost/nezavarovanost, strupenost/užitnost) o predstavljenih vrstah gob si otroci bolj zapomnijo po enem tednu. Moja hipoteza je, da si otrok bolj zapomni informacije, ki so ključnega pomena za njegovo preživetje, v tem primeru strupenost gob in ne ime gob in zavarovanost. S pomočjo 16 enako velikih sličic in otrokom nepoznanih gob sem s 34 otroci izvedla eksperiment. Otroke sem enakovredno razdelila v kontrolno in eksperimentalno skupino. Rezultate obeh skupin sem med seboj tudi primerjala ter jih s pomočjo tabel in grafov analizirala. Svojo hipotezo sem potrdila najprej v teoretičnem delu, kjer različni avtorji poudarjajo hitrejšo zapomnitev življenjsko pomembnih informacij pri otrocih, kar se je pokazalo tudi v mojem eksperimentu. V teoretičnem delu sem opredelila tudi osnove o gobah, obrazložila pojme zavarovanost/nezavarovanost in užitnost/strupenost ter se poglobila tudi v otrokovo zapomnitev. Želim si, da bi diplomsko delo pripomoglo k boljšemu razumevanju procesov predelovanja in pomnjenja informacij pri predšolskih otrocih.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: otrok
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2016
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-86020
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11208777
• Datum objave v RUL: 19.09.2017

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Analysis of preschool children’s memorization given information about mushrooms

Izvleček

A child starts observing, discovering, experiencing and exploring the surroundings as soon as he or she is born. Everything that happens in the environment shapes his or her thought processes and has a big impact on developing his or her own thinking capabilities and personality development. Discovering of the environment is mainly a process or a way through which new ideas, knwldedge and experience are shaped; thinking is developed and goals are accomplished. Discovering ofthe environment is at the same time a process and a goal. An important role at this process belongs to the parents and later to the teachers who enable the child to solve problems autonomously, they offer him or her assistance and role model; if necessary they show him or her directions and enable him to gain his or her own experience and to adapt by learning to the the environment he or she was born into. In my Bachelor thesis I wanted to find out which information (name of the mushroom, protectedness/unprotectedness, toxicity/edibility,) about the represented mushrooms children are more likely to remember in one week. In my hypothesis I predicted that a child is more likely to remember information that are crucial for his survival; therefore toxicity is more frequently memorised rather than the name or protectedness of the mushrooms. I performed the experiment with 34 children, using 16 mushrooms unknown to them and same-sized pictures of those mushrooms. I divided the children into the control and the experimental group, and later on I compared the results of both groups and analyzed them using tabels and graphs. My hypothesis was firstly confirmed in the theoretical part of the thesis, where i cited important authors who claim that children are more likely to memorize information crucial for their life. The same result was shown in my experiment. In the theoretical part I also defined the basics about mushrooms, explained the concepts of protectedness/unprotectedness, edibility/toxicity and observed the children's memorizing. I want my thesis to aid in understanding preschool children's precessing and memorizing information.

• Ključne besede: child