In the theoretical part there is a definition of what a fairy tale is, its meaning and the meaning of storytelling as the main manner of communication. Listening is also included and for the purpose of improving it, there are some things suggested that we, as speakers and listeners, can improve, The attention is needed for efficient listening and there are some exercises included for improvement of attention or better said, for improvement of attentive listening. Because the subject of research were the differences between montessori and public kindergarten Krtek, there is a theoretical part which includes both pedagogical concepts regarding the view on fairytales. The empirical part describes the research, which was conducted in the public kindergarten and montessori kindergarten Peter Pan. There the systematic observation of children has been done while they were listening to a fairy tale. Sample included 36 children aged 5–6 years: 19 from the public and 17 from montessori kindergarten, in both cases the both sexes were included. The goal was to determine whether the children’s attention when listening to fairytales in different kindergartens varies depending on the program. Research has shown that there are differences especially over the duration of attention, because children in kindergarten montessori listened to the fairy tale for a longer time then children from the public one. However, the study was sectioned into a small sample, and therefore cannot be generalized to the entire population.
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