The thesis describes the operation and features of the new paradigm of elastic optical transport network that will enable higher transmission speeds, more efficient operations and better use of available optical network resources. Guidelines of elastic optical transport network are refer to the increasing efficiency of the network on the basis of automatic adjustment of various parameters in optical network. These parameters are based primarily on the adaptation of the width of the optical spectrum and the optical path length depending on the required capacity of the data transmission. Also, these parameters are interrelated and through they're participation enable better and more advanced operation of elastic optical network in comparison with nowadays existing fixed optical network. The latest networking technology, which is the result of scientific and engineering research and knowledge is the most deserving for it. For this purpose, I have described a technology which allows the adaptation of the optical network to different requirements on the network and up to now standardized recommendations in this area. In the thesis I have included a presentation of software defined network, which is closely connected with elastic optical network.
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