The transport of dangerous goods by sea represents an important segment of modern maritime transport and international trade. Due to their physical, chemical and biological characteristics, dangerous substances may cause serious consequences for human health, property and the marine environment if not handled properly. The purpose of this bachelor's thesis is to analyse the risks associated with the marine transport of dangerous goods and to present the key safety requirements, international regulations and risk reduction measures.
The thesis presents the basic characteristics of dangerous goods, their international classification according to the IMDG Code, the most important maritime regulations and international conventions, as well as different methods of transporting dangerous cargo by sea. Particular attention is given to marking system, transport documentation, and the analysis of environmental, safety and human-factor risks. Preventive safety measures aimed at improving maritime transport safety are also discussed.
The study includes an analysis of the Exxon Valdez and MV X-Press Pearl maritime accidents, which significantly influenced the development of modern safety standards and marine environmental protection measures. The findings indicate that effective risk management is based on the consistent implementation of international regulations, adequate personnel training, the use of modern technologies and the continuous improvement of safety system. The results confirm that accident prevention is the most important factor in ensuring the safe and sustainable transport of dangerous goods by sea.
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