Morels (Morchella spp.) are edible mushrooms whose commercial cultivation presents a challenge due to their complex life cycle and specific ecological conditions in which they thrive. Soil composition plays a crucial role in fruiting body formation, as well as specific bacterial and fungal communities that influence cultivation success. The addition of exogenus nutrients and regulation of environmental conditions can significantly increase their yield. Over the past decade, understanding of morel cultivation has improved; however, challenges such as disease occurrence, unstable yields and soil fertility depletion due to continuous harvesting still persist. Further research on the influence of genetics, microbial interactions and growth substrates is necessary to optimize commercial cultivation. This thesis describes key factors for successful morel cultivation and existing cultivation methods. It also presents the main challenges and guidelines for further research, which could contribute to the improvement of cultivation techniques.
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