Green walls, or vertical greening systems, represent one of the possibilities for integrating plants (vegetation) into densely built urban environments without requiring additional land use. The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to critically evaluate the importance and role of green walls in contemporary urban spaces in terms of their construction and functional effects. The thesis is based on a review and analysis of scientific and professional literature in the field of vertical greening. Different types of systems were examined, particularly green facades, where plants generally grow from the ground or containers and climb along the facade or a supporting structure, and »living wall« systems, where the growing medium is distributed directly over the vertical surface; their construction characteristics and the relationship between system design and its effects were also examined. The literature review showed that green walls can contribute to improved microclimatic conditions, reduced heating of facade surfaces, and reduced energy demands of buildings. It was also found that the effects of these systems strongly depend on their construction design, climatic conditions, plant selection, and the quality of maintenance. The analysis of the literature revealed considerable terminological and methodological inconsistency among studies, which often makes it difficult to compare results between individual studies. An important research gap is the lack of a standardized classification of systems and uniform methods for evaluating their effects.
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