This thesis examines maternity harassment (matahara) in Japan in the context of the labor market, societal norms, and womenomics policies. Matahara refers to discrimination against women based on pregnancy, childbirth, or childcare, manifasting in forms ranging from pressure to resign to degradation in the workplace. The analysis shows that the phenomenon is rooted in historically conditioned labor market structures, traditional gender roles, and a culture of long working hours. Despite legal measures and reforms, particularly under womenomics, a gap persists between formal protection and actual practice. Although womenomics has increased female employment and encouraged public debate on gender equality, it has not substantially eliminated the structural causes of maternity harassment. Matahara thus remains a key indicator of the limitations of existing policies. The thesis emphasizes the need for comprehensive changes in the workplace environment, societal norms, and institutional practices.
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