Introduction: The use of novel tobacco and nicotine products has icreased rapidly in recent years, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Although these products are promoted as safer alternatives to conventional cigarettes, growing evidence highlights their potential adverse health effects. Due to developmental vulnerability, young people represent a particularly at risk population. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma work was to examine the impact of novel tobacco and nicotine products on the health of young people, with a focus on respiratory health, cardiovascular effects and neurological development. Methods: Literature was searched in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL with Full Text, the Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and the DiKUL web portal. Studies published in recent years addressing the health effects of electronic cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and other nicotine products among adolescents were included. Data were systematically collected, analyzed, and compared. Results: The findings indicate that the use of novel tobacco and nicotine products negatively affects the respiratory system (cough, wheezing, bronchitis), causes acute cardiovascular changes (increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, endothelial dysfunction). And impacts neurological development (increased risk of addiction and impaired cignitive functions). The high prevalence of use among young people and early exposure to nicotine are particularly concerning. The findings also indicate that nurses play an important role in preventing the use of these products. Their activities include health education, implementation of preventive programs, and early identification of risk behaviors among adolescents. Discussion and conclusion: The results of the literature review show that electronic cigarettes and other novel tobacco and nicotine products are associated with harmful effects on the respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological systems of young people. Particularly concerning is exposure to nicotine, which can lead to early development of addiction and negatively affect cognitive functions. Despite consistent findings across studies, it should be noted that the long-term effects of these products remain insufficiently researched due to their relatively recent presence on the market, highlighting the need for further longitudinal studies. The findings emphasize the need for additional education for nurses, the development of effective preventive strategies, and further research into the long-term effects of these products.
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